2023 TJC H1General Paper P2 Ans

Temasek Junior College 2023 JC2 Prelim Paper 2 1 2023 JC2 PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION GENERAL PAPER Paper 2 Suggested Answers 1. From paragraph 1, what was Markowitz ’s ‘vocal opposition’ (line 3) to Bloomberg’s proposed ban on the sale of sugary drinks? Use your own words as far as possible. [3] From the passage Suggested rephrase  I ’m overweight not because I drink litres of Coke, but frankly because I eat too much pasta, …cheesecake (l. 5–7)  Don ’t exercise as much as I should (l. 8)  And my genes are working against me. I was an overweight kid and I’m an overweight adult (l. 8–9)  (A) Markowitz argued that people are overweight not because of sugary drinks/ sugary drinks are just one of the many reasons people are overweight. [1]  (B) He also pointed out that people are overweight because of the huge amounts of other unhealthy foods they eat, [1]  (C) insufficient/lack of physical activity [1]  (D) and biological reasons. [1] Any 3 pts for 3 marks 2. In paragraph 2, what are the ‘limits of state intervention ’ (line 11)? Use your own words as far as possible. [2] From the passage Suggested Paraphrase  …governments can educate, inform, advocate and inspire, but should not be the final decision-maker when it comes down to what is best for the individual (l. 11–13)  While governments can raise awareness about issues and encourage/motivate people to act, [1] *either raise awareness or encourage needed  they should not ultimately determine what is ideal for each person. [1] 3. What does the question ‘Should they even try? ’ in line 16 suggest about governments’ attitudes regarding measures to promote healthy living? [1] From the passage Suggested Paraphrase  Should they even try? (l. 16)  It suggests that governments are uncertain about the effectiveness of such measures [1] OR  Governments are wondering if there is any point in taking any action to promote healthy living/ concerning themselves with promoting healthy living. [1]

Temasek Junior College 2023 JC2 Prelim Paper 2 2 4. Explain the author ’s use of the word ‘even’ in line 20. [2] From the passage Suggested Paraphrase  The United Nations has even devoted an entire meeting of its General Assembly to chronic disease, including those brought on by an unhealthy diet. (l. 20–22)  The author uses ‘even’ to highlight how unhealthy eating/ the impact of an unhealthy diet has become so serious/ overwhelming/ widespread// is so difficult to tackle [1]  that concerted effort by all countries is needed/ it has made its way to the agenda of such an important meeting/ drawn the attention of a global organisation. [1] so difficult that the UN had to be involved = 0 (does not show the significance of the UN being involved) *answer must show that governments meet to discuss/ more than one country’s effort 5. In paragraph 4, what are three ways in which overeating may be harmful on a larger scale? Use your own words as far as possible. [3] From the passage Suggested rephrase  The more each person eats, particularly meat, the greater the pressure on food supplies. (l. 28–29)  And as overweight children turn into fat adults, military strategists already worry about the health of future soldiers (l. 29– 31)  Employers gripe about productivity (l. 31)  (A) Overeating puts a strain on the amount of food available for the rest of the population, [1]  (B) reduces the fitness level of soldiers which could weaken the military [1] * some link between overeating and effectiveness of military required.  (C) and could weaken workers ’ performance at work, which could hurt companies’ profits/ the economy. [1] if there is no clear link to large scale e.g. answer just mentions soldiers’ fitness or workers’ performance = BOD 6. Explain one way in which the author uses language in lines 37 –42 to emphasise that the anti-smoking campaign is the ‘obvious mod el’ in the fight against unhealthy eating. [1] From the passage Suggested rephrase  obvious model is the battle against smoking, which at least in rich countries has been wildly successful (l. 37–38)  smoking rates have dived (l. 42)  The author used the word ‘wildly’ to convey how the anti-smoking campaign was a runaway success/ extremely successful. [1] OR  The author used the word ‘dived’ to

Temasek Junior College 2023 JC2 Prelim Paper 2 3 highlight how smoking rates plunged/ greatly declined after the campaign was rolled out. [1] 7. Why is unhealthy eating ‘much harder to fight than smoking ’ (line 43)? Use your own words as far as possible. [2] From the passage Suggested Paraphrase  …the food industry finds it easier to resist regulation because it is three times the size of the tobacco industry. (l. 43–44)  A cigarette has no place in a healthy lifestyle, but junk food, enjoyed in moderation, can still play a part in a varied diet (l. 44–46)  The sheer size of the food industry compared to the tobacco industry/ The food industry is much larger than the tobacco industry which makes it more difficult to control/ keep in check/ police OR  There are more ways for the food industry to not comply with measures/ laws because it is more powerful/ much larger than the tobacco industry [1]  and junk food is not as clearly damaging as smoking// junk food, unlike smoking, is not unhealthy in small amounts (so there is less necessity/urgency/justification to ban it outright). [1] 8. In paragraph 7 , what distinction does the author draw between the Japanese and American approaches to combatting obesity? [2] From the passage Suggested Paraphrase  Japanese employers must provide waist measurements for all 40-74-year-olds. If they do not reduce the number of fat workers on their payroll, they may get fined (l. 48–50)  some (American) companies give employees who are not overweight a discount on their health insurance (l. 52– 53)  The Japanese approach is a punitive one that takes to task those who do not lose weight  while the American approach rewards people who/ incentivises people to lose weight/ maintain a healthy weight.

Temasek Junior College 2023 JC2 Prelim Paper 2 4 10. Suggest one reason why the author mentions the studies in the final paragraph. [1] From the passage Suggested Paraphrase  …if it were clear which ones are effective (l. 87)  But for now governments will continue to experiment to see what works. (l. 91)  …new studies to gauge the effect of different policies (l. 90)  The author does so to highlight/ point out/ emphasise that the effectiveness of policies to reduce unhealthy food consumption is still undetermined/ being researched. [1] OR  The author does so to highlight that research on the effectiveness of the various healthy eating policies is inconclusive. [1] OR  The author does so to point out that governments are still studying the impact of various policies in curbing unhealthy eating. [1]

Temasek Junior College 2023 JC2 Prelim Paper 2 5 9. Using material from paragraphs 8 to 11 only (lines 54–86), summarise what the author has to say about ways to combat unhealthy eating and the challenges faced. Write your summary in no more than 120 words, not counting the opening words which are printed below. Use your own words as far as possible. One way to combat unhealthy eating is… From the passage Suggested Paraphrase [Measure 1]  such as punishing the obese for their excessive girth (l. 54–55) A1 To implement (financially) punitive measures [Challenge 1]  a crudely designed penalty will do little to change behaviour (l. 55–56) A2 which were found to be ineffective as they lacked subtlety/ were too blunt/ insufficiently customised  strict penalties assume that obesity is due to lack of willpower (l. 57) A3 by wrong