ACSI Medicinal Chemistry Notes 2022 - 2023

Year 5 - 6 (20 2 2 - 2023 ) IBDP Chemistry HL Option D Medicinal Chemistry D1 – Pharmaceutical Products and Drug Action Pg 1 Essential idea: Medicines and drugs have a variety of different effects on the functioning of the body. D2 – Aspirin and Penicillin Pg 14 Essential idea: Natural products with useful medicinal properties can be chemically altered to produce more potent or safer medicines. D3 – Opiates Pg 22 Essential idea : Potent medical drugs prepared by chemical modification of natural products can be addictive and become substances of abuse. D4 - pH regulation of the stomach Pg 27 Essential idea: Excess stomach acid is a common problem that can be alleviated by compounds that increase the stomach pH by neutralizing or reducing its secretion. D5 - Antiviral medications Pg 42 Essential idea : Antiviral medications have recently been developed for some viral infections while others are still being researched. D6 - Environmental impact of some medications Pg 52 Essential idea: The synthesis, isolation, and administration of medications can have an effect on the environment. D7 – Taxol – a chiral auxiliary case study Pg 64 Essential idea: Chiral auxiliaries allow the production of individual enantiomers of chiral molecules. D8 – Nuclear Medicine Pg 70 Essential idea: Nuclear radiation whilst dangerous owing to its ability to damage cells and cause mutations can also be used to both diagnose and cure diseases. D9 – Drug detection and Analysis Pg 92 Essential idea: A variety of analytical techniques is used for detection, identification, isolation and analysis of medicines and drugs.

D1. Pharmaceutical products and drug action Understandings : In animal studies, the therapeutic index is the lethal dose of a drug for 50% of the population ( LD 50 ) divided by the minimum effective dose for 50% of the population ( ED 50 ). In humans, the therapeutic index is the toxic dose of a drug for 50% of the population ( TD 50 ) divided by the minimum effective dose for 50% of the population ( ED 50 ) . T