CHUNG CHENG HIGH (YISHUN) Prelim 2019 Social Studies QP 4E5N

CCHY Preliminary Exam (2019) Social Studies (Sec 4EXP/5NA) p 1 of 7 Preliminary Examination (2019) Secondary 4 Express / 5 Normal Academic Candidate Name Register No Class Humanities Date: 27 August 2019 Social Studies (2272/01, 2273/01, 2274/01) Duration: 1 hr 45 min READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Setter: Miss Linda Agahari and Miss Jenny Ganeshrays This paper consists of 7 printed pages, INCLUDING the cover page. [Turn over CH CHUNG CHENG HIGH SCHOOL YISHUN 义 顺 ANSWER ALL PARTS OF QUESTIONS 1 AND 2. Do not spend more than 65 minutes on Question 1. ALL answers must be written on the writing papers provided. Hand in the question paper and answer scripts separately. INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES The number of marks for each question and sub-question is provided in the bracket [ ].

CCHY Preliminary Exam (2019) Social Studies (Sec 4EXP/5NA) p 2 of 7 Section A Source-based Case Study (35 marks) Question 1 is compulsory for all candidates. Study the sources carefully and then answer all the questions. You may use any of the sources to help you answer the questions, in addition to those sources you were told to use. In answering the questions, you should use your knowledge of the topic to help you interpret and evaluate the sources. 1a) Study Source A. What does the source tell you about extremists? Explain your answer. [5m] b) Study Sources B and C. Does Source B prove Source C wrong as evidence about the Sri Lankan Police Chief? Explain your answer. [7m] c) Study Source D. Are you surprised by what the source says about the terrorists’ socio- economic background? Explain your answer. [7m] d) Study Source F. Why was this cartoon published? Explain your answer. [6m] e) “Sri Lanka is able to manage terrorism.” Using sources from this case study, explain how far you would agree with this statement. [10m]

CCHY Preliminary Exam (2019) Social Studies (Sec 4EXP/5NA) p 3 of 7 What caused the security crisis in Sri Lanka? 1 BEING PART OF A GLOBALISED WORLD BACKGROUND INFORMATION Read this carefully. It may help you to answer some of the questions. At least 290 people, including 45 foreign nationals died in a series of blasts carried out by suicide bombers on Easter Sunday, 21 April 2019. The attacks were t argeted at high -end hotels in the capital and churches where worshippers were attending Easter services. Authorities suspected a local radical preacher, who led one of the local religious extremist groups – the National Thowheeth Jama’ath (NTJ), to be the mastermind of the well-coordinated attacks. The Sri Lankan President quickly came under fire for his failure to act on a detailed warning sent by their intelligence unit about the NTJ’s plans to attack. The Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS) later on claimed responsibility for the bombings. ISIS is known to have built its global network from existing extremist groups around the world. It has been looking to bolster its presence in the South Asian region after being driven out of its self - styled caliphate in Iraq and Syria. Factors like poverty, neglect, discrimination coupled with weak governance in countries like Sri Lanka have also encouraged people to turn to extreme ideologies. Study the following sources to find out what caused the security crisis in Sri Lanka. Source A: A cartoon about the Sri Lankan bombing published by an American cartoonist on 24 April 2019. YOU SHOULD SEE THEIR FACES WHEN THEY REALISE THEY WORSHIP THE SAME ‘GOD’! The Devil Extremists

CCHY Preliminary Exam (2019) Social Studies (Sec 4EXP/5NA) p 4 of 7 Source B: An excerpt of an official statement released by the Sri Lankan President’s Office, published on 26 April 2019. President Sirisena said that the National Thowheeth Jama’ath carried out the attack at the least expected moment under the instructions and leadership of a foreign terrorist organisation to cause the appalling loss of human lives. The extremist group had r eceived training since 2015, but our security services did not have enough evidence to start legal actions against them. The Defence Secretary and Inspector General of Police failed to inform the President about the intelligence agency letter from a friend ly foreign country sent on 4 April 2019, warning about possible attacks on churches and places of public gathering. The President has asked them to tender their resignations immediately and they agreed to do so. He added that an appropriate process will be implemented while completely reorganising the security services including the State Service and Intelligence Units. Source C: A statement by Sri Lanka’s Police Chief who had been blamed by the President for the country’s intelligence blunder, published by The Times of India on 3 June 2019. Sri Lanka’s suspended police chief – Inspector General Pujith Jayasundara has accused President Sirisena of failing to prevent the Easter bombings as he filed a petition in the Supreme Court against his unfair dismi ssal following the catastrophic intelligence failure. Jayasundara claimed the President excluded him from attending the National Security Council and had asked the Head of State Intelligence Service (SIS) – Sri Lanka’s spy agency – to report to him directly on matters of national security. Source D: Investigation report on the Sri Lankan bombers, published in The Wall Street Journal on 29 April 2019. Investigators tracked the Sri Lankan bombers through encrypted messages on Telegram that they exchanged with each other and also the ISIS points of contact. Two sons of a wealthy spice trader in Sri Lanka were among the bombers. One of the remaining bomber s - Abdul Latheef Mohamed Jameel, pledged allegiance to the ISIS. Jameel studied engineering in London for a year in 2006. He was believed to have trained with ISIS in Syria in 2014 for six months. His target was the Taj Samudra, a luxury hotel on Colombo’s seafront. There were no bag checks at the entrance, according to a Taj executive. “Since the end of the civil war in 2009, security has been more relaxed at all the hotels,” she said. Three other bombers are being investigated for travels to Turkey, Syri a or Iraq, where they could have come into contact with ISIS personnel to learn bomb-making and combat skills.

CCHY Preliminary Exam (2019) Social Studies (Sec 4EXP/5NA) p 5 of 7 Source E: Comment by Anne Speckhard, the Head of the International Centre for the Study of Violent Extremism on 23 April 2019. Speckhard has interviewed more than 600 terrorists. In 2016, The Sri Lankan government acknowledged that 32 Muslims from “well -educated and elite” families had gone to Syria to join ISIS. These are people that probably already had the ideology when they travelled to S yria, but there, it just got strengthened. It’s really a viral ideology, and it’s dangerous. If ISIS can attract 45,000 people worldwide, that’s no small thing. We have to be as clever as them. They use very emotionally charged images. They show atrocities against Muslims and pair them with m