DEYI SEC SCH SS 4E5N Prelim 2019

Class Index no. Name: DEYI SECONDARY SCHOOL Preliminary Examination 2019 Secondary Four Express/ Secondary Five Normal (Academic) Humanities 2272/01 Social Studies 2273/01 2274/01 Paper 1 29 Aug 2019 0800 – 0945h 1h 45 min Writing paper Cover Page for answer scripts INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES Section A: You must answer all parts of Question 1. Section B: You must answer all parts of Question 2. Start Section B on a fresh sheet of paper. At the end of the exam, attach the Cover Page and submit Sections A and B TOGETHER. Please make sure that ALL details on the Cover Page have been filled up. The number of marks for each part-question is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question. Total: 50 marks This question paper consists of 9 printed pages including cover page. [Turn over

Section A (Source-Based Case Study) Question 1 is compulsory for all candidates. 1. Exploring Citizenship and Governance Study the Background Information and the sources carefully and then answer all the questions. You may use any of the sources to help you answer the questions, in addition to those sources you are told to use. In answering the questions, you should use your knowledge of the issue to help you interpret and evaluate the sources. (a) Study Source A. What does the source suggest about elderly care in Japan? Explain your answer. [5] (b) Study Source B. How useful is the source as evidence of the lives of the elderly in Japan? Explain your answer. [7] (c) Study Sources C and D. How similar are these sources? [6] (d) Study Sources E and F. After studying Source E, are you surprised by Source F? [7] (e) ‘Japan is well-prepared for its ageing population.’ Using sources in this case study, explain how far you would agree with the statement. [10]

3 [Turn over Are the needs of the elderly in Japan being met? BACKGROUND INFORMATION Read this carefully. It may help you answer some of the questions. Japan has been officially classified as having the highest rate of elderly population in the world now. Those aged 65 or older now make up a record 35.6 million, or 28.1 per cent of the total population. The proportion is the highest by far in the world, ahead of 23.3 per cent in Italy, 21.9 per cent in Portugal and 21.7 per cent in Germany, according to United Nations data for those countries. According to the National Institute of Population and Social Security Research in Japan, together with a declining birthrate, Japan’s population is set to slump further. By 2040, a quarter of Japan’s breadwinners will turn 75 or older. The government of Japan has responded to concerns about the stress th at these demographic changes place on the economy and social services with policies intended to restore the fertility rate and make the elderly more active in society. Study the following sources to assess whether the needs of the elderly in Japan are being adequately met.

Source A: From an article about care provision for the elderly in Japan, May 2018. Japan has long been known for its widespread respect for its seniors and a powerful sense of obligation to care for them. The involvement and responsibility of the family members in care has been embedded in its culture. Now, the provision of care is increasingly seen as a social (and not exclusively a family) concern. In Japan, people above the age of 65 apply to their local government, and a complex test is done to assess their needs. A care manager advises on how these needs may best be met, based on the budget they’re allocated and a knowledge of local service providers for (predominantly) community -based care. These comprise a range of organisations in the public, not-for-profit and private sectors. Source B: A cartoon from a 2019 blog entry about Respect for the Aged Day in Japan. Respect for the Aged Day (Keriou no hi) is a Japanese national holiday which is celebrated on September 15th annually to honor elderly citizens.

5 [Turn over Source C: From an article published in Japan Times online news site about the use of technology in senior care, June 2018. Shintomi Nursing Home in the heart of Tokyo is making international headlines for being home to 20 models of care robots, mimicking cute furry animals, small children, human shaped “humanoids” or full-sized lifting and walking robots. The government-funded project took off in 2013, and after five years residents have taken a shine to their robotic companions. A research study by the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development showed that, with robot care, seniors’ autonomy, sociability, mood and communication improved along with a better quality of life over all. A nationwide survey by private elder care company Orix Living found that 80 percent of respondents over 40 welcomed or were open to being helped by a care robot. Respondents revealed a common fear of becoming a burden on family members and explained feeling more relaxed in the presence of a robot. Source D: From an online article written by an American journalist about the use of robots in Japan’s elderly care, August 2018. Back at the Silver Wing care facility, manager Sekigichi , says at -home care would be preferable for the residents, but “the reality is that many elderly live alone and struggle to manage life on their own.” The robots help, she says. Relatives of some of the day care patients were amazed to see how much they interacted with the robots when they are at the center, compared with how little they are able to do in their homes. But Sekigichi, too, emphasizes the need for human contact: “Robots and technology can be used for some aspects, but we need humans to give full care to others.”

Source E: A chart showing how the basic state pension given to the Japanese pensioners is spent annually. *The basic state pension is given to Japanese above the age of 65. It is a benefit from the National Pension, a Japanese public pension insurance system. All Japanese residents are required to participate and contribute16,410 Japanese Yen to the pension monthly from the age of 20 to 59. *1000 Japanese Yen is about equivalent to SGD$12.60 Source F: From an article about the elderly crime wave in Japan, February 2019. Japan has been rocked by an elderly crime wave because the “abandoned” elderly would rather go to prison than face life poor and alone. Police say the proportion of crimes being committed by those age 65 and above has been steadily rising for more than 20 years. In 1997, the elderly accounted for about one in 20 criminal convictions, but now the figure has grown to more than one in five, as many are left to fend for themselves. Desperate Toshio Takata, 69, told the BBC he broke the law because he wanted somewhere to live free of charge.

7 [Turn over SECTION B (Structured-Response Question) Question 2 is compulsory for all candidates. 2. Being Part of a Globalised World Study the extracts carefully, and then answer the questions. Extract 1 Cybercrime continues to be on the rise in Singapore, with 5,430 cases reported in 2017, according to the Singapore Police Force. Between 2016 and 2017, the percentage of cybercrime cases grew from 15.6% to 16.6% of total crimes, even as overall crime numbers fell. Extract 2 Terrorism c