FUCHUN 4N SS Prelim 2019 QP

1 Candidate name Centre number S 1 5 1 0 Index number Syllabus/ paper 2 1 7 5 / 0 1 Class 2 1 7 6 / 0 1 2 1 7 7 / 0 1 Syllabus title HUMANITIES Paper 1 Social Studies 31 July 2019 1 hour 45 minutes READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS Write your name and index number in the boxes above. Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper. Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid. Section A Answer all parts of Question 1. Section B Answer both parts of Question 2. Name of Setter: Ms Foo Fang Yu This document consists of 7 printed pages. [Turn over FUCHUN SECONDARY SCHOOL Secondary 4 Normal Academic Preliminary Examination 2019 For examiner’s use only Question number Mark Total

2 SECTION A (Source-Based Case Study) [35 marks] Question 1 is compulsory for all candidates. 1 Exploring Citizenship and Governance You may use any of the sources to help you answer the questions, in addition to those sources you are told to use. In answering the questions, you should use your knowledge of the topic to help you interpret and evaluate the sources. (a) Study Source A. What is the message of the source? Explain your answer. [5] (b) Study Source B. Why was the cartoon published? Explain your answer. [6] (c) Study Sources C and D. How far do these two sources agree with each other? Explain your answer. [7] (d) Study Source E. How useful is this source in showing waste reduction is an effective method to waste management? Explain your answer. [7] (e) Study All Sources. How far do the sources in the case study show that waste management is effectively managed by governments? Explain your answer. [10]

3 Is waste management effectively managed by governments? BACKGROUND INFORMATION Read this carefully. It may help you answer some of the questions. When countries become more prosperous , the amount of waste they generate increases. Cities are estimated to generate waste that can fill up 800,000 Olympic-size swimming pools every year. When waste increases, removal of waste becomes a concern. Most waste are disposed to landfills and left to decompose naturally, which can produce an odour. Furthermore, waste like plastics and household items are difficult to decompose, creating problems such as land contamination, water pollution, and harming wildlife. Some countries have been criticised for hiding from waste management by sending waste to other countries, and transferring the problem elsewhere. However, waste continue to increase globally, and good solutions to manage waste are few. There are calls for governments to take more action by focusing on three key areas: reduce the amount of waste generated , encourage the recycling of waste, and regulate how waste is removed. Study the following sources to find out whether waste management is managed effectively by governments. Source A: A commentary responding to Canada’s waste management after it was criticised for shipping its trash to Philippines *Vancouver: A city that is highly and densely populated in Canada President Rodrigo Duterte has given Canada a deadlin e to take back the 2.4 Million kilograms of trash sent to the Philippines. “This amount is less garbage than what *Vancouver and its sur rounding districts make in a day,” says Hird, an environmental sociologist. More than half of the trash is produced by industries including mining and fisheries. The other half is “municipal solid waste” – home garbage. Canada “is absolutely in a waste crisis”. Not much of that junk stays at home. It’s shipped elsewhere, which helps to hide the problem from Canadian citizens.

4 Source B: A cartoonist’s view on global waste management, published in June 2019, the same month when 49 containers of illegally imported waste from United States of America were found in Batam, Indonesia Source C: A report on Sweden’s waste management, published by a website concerned about global issues. Sweden is aiming for a zero waste society. Only about 1% of Sweden’s household waste ends up in landfills. Half of the household waste produced are recycled into energy by a process called waste-to-energy (WTE). The WTE plants are loaded with garbage, and then *incinerated to produce steam which is further used to produce electricity. “We’re a cold country and we have a district heating system, so we can actually make use of the waste that is put into the heating plants,” said Anna Gripwall f rom Sweden’s waste management system. In fact, Sweden has become so good at waste management that it imports nearly 800,000 tons of waste to feed its 32 WTE plants.

5 Source D: An article commenting on Sweden’s waste management strategy, published on a website concerned with energy and environmental issues. Source E: *The Straits Times report on South Korea’s waste management strategy in 2016, reported by a reporter living in Seoul, South Korea. *The Straits Times: An English-language daily paper based in Singapore South Korea requires food trash to be separated so it can be recycled as animal feed or compost. A volume-based food waste disposal system has been in place since 2013 to weigh how much waste each household dumps and bill it accordingly. “People used to buy a lot of food and throw away leftovers without much care. After realising they have to pay for how much they throw, they have started to control their food purchase,” said Mr Yu, a city government officer. Paper, cans, bottles, plastic and iron are also recycled, contributing to a recycling of more than 80% nation-wide. Despite Sweden running out of trash, it does not tell the full story of Sweden’s waste management by incineration. Nearly 99.9 percent of smoke from this incineration process is carbon dioxide, one of the primary greenhouse gases in the Earth’s atmosphere. According to environmental activist David Suzuki, the practice of burning trash to generate energy is a more convenient way for the government than encouraging its citizens to reduce the waste problem.

6 SECTION B (Structured Response Question) [15 marks] Question 2 is compulsory for all candidates. 2 Living in a Diverse Society Study the extracts carefully, and then answer the questions. Extract 1 Post-independence, the Chinese, Malay, Indian, Other (CMIO) categorisations have defined much of Singapore’s approach to migration and diversity. With the changing cultural demographics of the citizen population, some people may fa ll outside of these categories and struggle to feel belonged. There is a need to rethink approaches to diversity and the ways in which social inclusion can be improved our city-state. Extract 2 A poster promoting interaction between locals and foreigners in Hong Kong Extract 3 “Canadian employers looking to hire foreign workers on the list benefit from work permits that can be issued in as little as two weeks in exchange for a commitment to increase skills and training investments for Canadians and permanent residents.”

7 (a) Extract 1 highlights an increasingly diverse society in Singapore facing problems of social inclusion. Social inclusion = feeling included, feeling a sense of belonging. In your opinion, what is a possible outcome if new-comers into Singapore do not feel socially included? Explain your answer using one impact. [7] (b) Extract 2 shows cultural exchange between locals and non -locals in Hong Kong, and Extract 3 shows an advertisement in Canada for global talents. Explain how Singapore has experience d socio-cultural benefits