Essentials of Computing - Network Security

Net w or k Secur it y Theor y 1 Network Security Theory 🔥Special thanks to VJ Cyber, my heaviest project and biggest breakthrough so far. Intro to Network Security What is Network Security? Network Security  The shield that protects the CIA of information and resources in a network. CIA Triad Confidentiality  Ensuring only authorized users can access sensitive information within a network using encryption and access controls. Integrity  Ensuring data within a network is accurate and has not been tampered with using intrusion detection systems. Availability  Ensures that authorized users can access the information and resources they need whenever they require them using firewalls and network redundancy strategies. Threats Malware Malware  Software that is specifically designed to disrupt, damage or gain unauthorized access to a computer system. Name Description Ransomware Blocks access to a computer system until a ransom is paid Scareware Frightens victims into providing financial information or downloading viruses

Net w or k Secur it y Theor y 2 Name Description Spyware Secretly collects personal information about users and sends it to attacker Adware Pushes unwanted advertisements at users Fileless Malware Operates in computerʼs memory, hiding in a trusted application or tool Cookies Small piece of data on websites that stores usersʼ personal information Pharming Intercepts requests going to a website and redirects it to a fake website Phishing Using fake emails and websites that appear to be from reputable companies Spamming Mass distribution of unwanted messages to emails gained from mailing lists Trojan Horse Pretends to be a harmless file or useful application until run Virus Attaches itself to a harmless program and modifies it, and spreads to other programs when the infected program is run Worm Runs automatically and tries to spread copies of itself across a network, consuming bandwidth and harming the host server Denial of Service Denial of Service  An attempt to overload a website or network with requests with the aim of degrading its performance or rendering it inaccessible to users. Distributed Denial of Service  An attempt to disrupt the normal traffic of a targeted server, service or network by overwhelming the target with internet traffic using multiple compromised computer systems as weapons. DDoS Botnet

Net w or k Secur it y Theor y 3 Protection Firewalls What is a Firewall Firewall  Filter that monitors access between an organizationʼs internal network and the internet, allowing some packets to pass and blocking others. Types of Firewalls Hardware Firewall  Physical, connects the network and gateway through wires Software Firewall  Internal, works using port numbers and applications Cloud-based Firewall  Firewalls can grow with the organization and do well with perimeter security Host Based Firewall  Installed on an individual computer to protect it from activity occurring on its network Netwo