2. Kinematics

Kinematics Summary y-directions x-direction 2 y y y 1s u t a t 2 xxs u t No v 22 y y y yv u 2a s 22 xxvu  xxvu No t y y yv u a t No s Same t for both y and x Assumption: Acceleration, ay is constant vy = v sin θ vy = vy’ < v sin θ vy < vy’ vy = 0 vy = -v sin θ vy = vy’ |vy| < v sin θ |vy| < |vy’| vx = v cos θ vx = v cos θ vx = v cos θ vx = v cos θ vx = v cos θ vx = v cos θ vx = v cos θ θ v + + s t v t a t Area under graph Area under graph Gradient Gradient  In uniform G-field, ay = 9.81 m s-2  Positive or negative depends on pre-defined positive direction  vy is 0 right at the top, but not vx

Movement with air resistance With air resistance Without air resistance Reach highest point earlier Terminal velocity reflected as horizontal line Highest point. Gradient same