ACSI 2017 Y2IP GEOG FYE ANSWER SCHEME

1 Anglo-Chinese School (Independent) FINAL EXAMINATION 2017 INTEGRATED PROGRAMME YEAR 2 GEOGRAPHY MARKING SCHEME Wednesday 11 October 2017 1 hour 30 minutes INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Do not open this booklet until you are told to do so. Write your index number in the boxes at the top of this page. Write in dark blue or black pen. You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams and graphs. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Section A Answer all the questions. Section B Answer all the questions. Write all answers in the spaces provided. Candidates should support their answers with the use of relevant examples. Sketch maps and diagrams should be drawn whenever they serve to illustrate an answer. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. This marking scheme consists of 15 printed pages. [Turn over For examiner’s use Question No Marks obtained 1 /5 2 /4 3 /5 4 /3 5 /6 6 /2 7 /3 8 /3 9 /4 10 /5 Total /40 INDEX NUMBER

2 Section A: Topographical Map [5 marks] 1. Fig. 1 shows a 1:32,000 map of the downtown area in Singapore. Fig. 1 Source: Longman Atlas

3 (a) What is the six -figure grid-reference of the New Park hotel near Little India? [1] 514186 (+/- 1 513186, 513185, 513187, 514185, 514187) (b) Calculate the distance from the Chettiar Hindu Temple in the middle of the map to Fort Canning. [1] 0.48km (0.44-0.51) / 480m (c) Describe the road network found in the map. [3] • roads arranged in a grid, • dense network of roads, especially in the eastern part of the map near the mouth of the Singapore River, near Marina Bay area. • Road density is low / fewer roads found on the western part of the map. • combination of main roads, expressways and underground expressways

4 Section B: Structured Questions [35 marks] 2. Fig. 2 shows a photograph of a slum. Fig. 2 (Source: https://www.pinterest.com/bettykemp70/slums/?lp=true)

5 In the box provided below, draw a sketch of the slum shown in Fig. 2 and annotate four typical characteristics of the slum. [4] Sketch - 1m 2 annotations - 1m o Scrap materials used for building o Wood, zinc and makeshift canvas which are flimsy and do not provide much protection from harsh weather. o Pipes drain water out of the homes onto the street/river due to lack of proper sewage o Homes are built very close together and cramped o Lack of proper electricity seen by the loose wires dangling everywhere o Stagnant water leading to unhygienic living conditions and spread of water borne diseases/dengue o Rubbish and litter strewn all over the place 9-square grid - 1m Title - 1m

6 3. Fig. 3 shows information on number of people living in slums in different regions of the world. Fig. 3 (Source: http://pubs.sciepub.com/ajcea/2/2/3/) (a) Which region experienced the greatest increase in the population of people living in slums between 1990 and 2001? [1] Sub-Saharan Africa (b) Suggest two reasons for the growth of slums in a city. [2] • shortage of housing due to limited land supply and high competition for land use, • cannot afford housing due to high price of housing in the city, • rapid population growth and high rates of migration leading to high demand for housing (any two)

7 (c) Describe how the health of residents living in slums would be affected by their living conditions. [2] • Stagnant water may lead to breeding of mosquitoes and spread of malaria and dengue fever • Pollution and lack of safe drinking water leads to water -borne diseases such as cholera and dysentery. • Overcrowded living conditions lead to the spread of diseases among the community. 4. Explain how the self -help scheme helps to improve the housing conditions in Brazil. [3] • Self-help scheme involves the participation of low income households to improve their housing conditions in the Rocinha Project in Rio de Janeiro. • The governments provide the assistance in the form of construction materials and training as well as basic services. • The residents continue to stay in the house and work on building their homes themselves during their free time. • As a result, most of the wooden houses have been replaced by concrete houses and 75% of homes have electricity.

8 5. Fig. 4 shows an infographic on housing in Singapore. Fig. 4 (Source: https://mndsingapore.wordpress.com/2015/10/30/more-affordable-to-buy-a-resale-flat/) (a) How many percent of home buyers applied for the Proximity Housing Grant? [1] More than 20%. (b) Describe how the Additional CPF Housing Grant helps to make housing more affordable for Singaporeans. [2] • Low-income households earning not more than $5,000 per month (or $6,000) • can qualify for a grant of up to $40,000 which is used to pay for their first flat.

9 (c) Besides improving affordability of housing, describe one other way the Singapore government has tried to provide inclusive housing. [3] The government has tried providing facilities and amenities for all ages so that the needs of everyone is catered for, therefore being an inclusive society. [1] There are retail shops, clinics and parks for everyone in all neighbourhoods. There are 3-Generation Facilities such as playground for children, adult fitness corners, wellness stations for seniors. [1] The government has also provided wheelchair-friendly facilities such as ramps and wider corridors. [1] There are also Seniors Activity Centres set up near or below the HDB blocks. [1] 6. Fig. 5 shows information on the motor vehicle population in Singapore. Fig. 5 (Source: https://www.singstat.gov.sg/publications/singapore-in-figures) (a) Calculate the percentage change in the population of cars between 2011 and 2016. [1] -6.74% (b) Suggest a reason for the increase in population of rental cars from 2011 to 2016. [1] Increase in the number of people renting cars for GRAB or UBER.

10 7. Fig. 6 shows the proposed expansion of the rail network in Singapore by 2030. Fig. 6 (Source : http://ifonlysingaporeans.blogspot.sg/2013/01/mrt-network-size-to-double-by-2030.html) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of expanding th e rail network in Singapore as shown in Fig. 6. [3] Advantages Trains have high capacity to transport more people each time. People can travel to more destinations with increased rail network. Disadvantages Expensive to expand and maintain more railway lines. Proposed railway lines may cut through housing estates which cause inconvenience to residents and noise pollution. Natural environments may also be cut down or damaged during construction. [Either (2 adv + 1 disadv) or (1 adv + 2 disadv)]