2023 JPJC J1 MYE Ans Key

H2 Geography Weighted Assessment 1 Marking scheme (a) Describe the global patterns in share of population with food insecurity as shown in Resource 1. [4] Award 1 mark for each description of the global patterns in share of population with food insecurity, to a maximum of 4 marks. Award a maximum of 1 additional mark for further development of each description, where applicable. Possible responses include: • Generally, the distribution in share of population with food security is uneven in the world [1] • Highest share of population with food insecurity is in many countries in the African continent with most of African countries above 30% [1] • Some Central African countries (e.g. Sudan, Congo), have the highest share with more than 80% [1] • Lowest share is seen in some Western European countries/Japan/Kazakhstan with less than 5% or North American countries like US/Canada with less than 10% [1] • Asia as a continent ha s the largest variations with some countries having less than 10% (Japan/Indonesia) whilst others have more than 30% (Thailand/ Afghanistan etc) [1] • Countries in the Northern Hemisphere generally tend to have a lower share of population with food insecurit y compared to countries in the Southern Hemisphere, though there are exceptions [1] (b) Explain why the data shown in Resource 1 may be limited in measuring sustainable development. [5] Award 1 mark for each explanation of why Resource 1 may be limited in measuring sustainable development, to a maximum of 5 marks. Award a maximum of 1 additional mark for further development of each explanation, where applicable. Possible responses include: • Data is lacking in some countries as shown in the resource (e.g. India, China) [1] which makes it difficult to measure sustainable development as it is difficult to compare and track across countries globally [1] • Measurement of sustainab le development using this data may not be accurate as definition of food insecurity can be subjective to different people as seen in Resource 1, it refers to inability to regularly eat healthy, nutritious diets.[1] Definition of ‘regularly’ and ‘healthy’ for instance can vary amongst people from different incomes, cultures. [1] • This data does not reflect spatial/ethnic variations within countries as it only shows the average data for the whole country. [1] • Data collected may not be accurate as not all peopl e in rural, remote areas may be accounted for [1] (c) Explain how technology, based on Ester Boserup's views, can help address food insecurity as shown in Resource 1 [6] Award 1 mark for each explanation how technology, based on Ester Boserup's views, can help address food insecurity, to a maximum of 6 marks. Award a maximum of 1 additional mark for further development of each explanation, where applicable. Possible responses include: • Boserup mentioned that technology can increase the resource base and thus increase food