07 Respiration WS

63 Biology Worksheet Chapter 10: Respiration Name: _________________________ ( ) Class : _________ Date : _________ Section A Multiple Choice Questions Choose the most appropriate answer and write it in the corresponding box below. Qsn 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Ans Qsn 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Ans 1 The apparatus shown below is used to investigate whether a person breathes out more carbon dioxide gas than he breathes in. When the person places tube M in his mouth and breathes out, air flows steadily through A T1 and T2 C T2 and T3 B T1 and T3 D T2 and T4 2 Breathing movements are necessary in mammals to maintain in the alveoli A a low concentration of carbon dioxide gas and a low concentration of water vapour. B a low concentration of carbon dioxide gas and a high concentration of oxygen gas. C a high concentration of carbon dioxide gas and a low concentration of oxygen gas. D a high concentration of carbon dioxide gas and a low concentration of water vapour. 3 Which of the following causes a flow of air into the lungs during normal breathing in a mammal? A decreased volume inside the thorax B flattening of the diaphragm C increased pressure inside the thorax D inward movement of the ribcage

64 4 Five processes which take place in living organisms are listed below. 1 release of carbon dioxide 2 release of energy 3 release of oxygen 4 uptake of oxygen 5 uptake of water Which three processes are carried out during aerobic respiration? A 1, 2 and 3 C 1, 3 and 5 B 1, 2 and 4 D 2, 3 and 5 5 Which graph shows the change in lactic acid concentration in a muscle during and after a 10 minute period of vigorous activity. 6 The apparatus in the diagram shows how air enters the lungs during breathing. Which structure represents the diaphragm? 7 Which path does a molecule of oxygen take as it enters the body? A alveolus bronchiole bronchus larynx trachea B alveolus bronchiole bronchus trachea larynx C larynx trachea bronchus bronchiole alveolus D trachea larynx bronchus bronchiole alveolus C D

65 8 The diagram represents an alveolus and its blood supply in the lung of a mammal. What is the region labelled X on the diagram? A a capillary C a pleural membrane B a layer of moisture D a zone of cilia 9 The graph shows the concentration of lactic acid in the blood of an athlete. During which period of time was the athlete exercising? A period P C period Q + R B period Q D period P + Q 10 The shaded area on the graph shows an athlete’s rate of oxygen uptake before, during and after a five-minute period of exercise. An oxygen debt is built up because the maximum rate of oxygen uptake is less than the oxygen demand. What is the total volume of oxygen required to repay this oxygen debt? A 1.0 litre C 4.5 litres B 3.0 litres D 9.5 litres

66 11 The apparatus shown was set up for a respiration experiment. The indicator fluid in the capillary tube will A move away from the test-tube because of oxygen out-put by the seeds. B move towards the test-tube because of carbon dioxide intake by the seeds. C move towards the test-tube because of oxygen intake by the seeds. D not move, because carbon dioxide intake and oxygen output are equal. 12 The amount of lactic acid in muscles increases when they are lacking in A carbon dioxide. C hydrogen carbonate ions. B glucose. D oxygen. 13 In the human breathing system, which features maintain the carbon dioxide gradient between the alveoli and the outside air? 1 blood continually pumped to the alveoli 2 breathing in and out 3 moist alveolar surfaces 4 thin alveolar walls A 1 and 2 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 3 and 4 14 Respiration in living organisms always involves A carbon dioxide production. C gaseous exchange. B energy release. D oxygen consumption.

67 15 The graph shows the relationship between the average age at death and the number of cigarettes smoked per day. A Most people living longer than 74 years are non-smokers. B Most people smoking 30 cigarettes a day die from lung cancer. C Non-smokers live at least 4.5 years longer than people who smoke. D People smoking five cigarettes a day live longer than those smoking 15 cigarettes a day. 16 The graph shows changes in the amount of air in a person’s lungs over a period of 30 seconds. Between which time periods is the rate of breathing fastest? A V to W B W to X C X to Y D Y to Z 17 Chemicals in tobacco smoke lead to the breakdown of the elastic tissue in the walls of the alveoli. What is the name of this condition? A bronchitis C heart disease B emphysema D lung cancer

68 Section B Structured Questions 1 The figure below shows three curves drawn from data which was obtained in the following manner. At the beginning of the experiment, a human subject is breathing in atmospheric air and the breaths per minute are plotted over a period of time. The experiment is repeated using 100% pure oxygen and then a mixture of gases, 92% oxygen and 8% carbon dioxide. Examine the figure and answer the following questions. (a) (i) What happens to the breathing rate when the subject is breathing100% oxygen? ______________________________________________________________________ (ii) Suggest what happens in the lungs and the blood of the subject to account for your answer in (i) above. ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ (b) When the breathing rate increases in a confined space, it is sometimes suggested that this is due to a lack of oxygen. By reference to the data shown in the figure, explain why this is an incorrect hypothesis. ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ 2 Two students carried out an investigation to determine the effect of exercise on their pulse and breathing rates. They each performed five minutes of vigorous exercise. Table 1 below shows the effects, after exercise, on their pulse rates.

69 (a) Using the data from Table 1, plot the pulse rates of the two students, on the graph paper below. You are given the axes and units. (b) In Table 2 below, you are given the breathing rates per minute for the two students before and after their exercise. Using the data from the table, draw a graph to show breathing rates of the two students on the grid below.

70 (c) State one reason, in each case, why exercise caused an increase in (i) Pulse rate, ___________________________________________________________ (ii) Breathing rate. ___________________________________________________________ (d) Which student made the quicker recovery from exercise? ____________________________________________________________________ State two reasons for your answer above, one in terms of pulse rate and one in terms of breathing rate. ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ (e) From the results obtained, which student do you think is likely to be the better athlete? State your reasons. ____________________________________________________________________