06 Transport in Humans Worksheet

43 Biology Worksheet Chapter 8: Transport in Humans Name: _________________________ ( ) Class : _________ Date : _________ Section A Multiple Choice Questions Choose the most appropriate answer and write it in the corresponding box below. Qsn 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Ans Qsn 11 12 13 Ans 1 What is the shortest route that can be taken by the blood travelling from a leg to an arm in the human body? A leg heart lungs heart arm B leg heart lungs liver arm C leg liver heart lungs arm D leg liver stomach heart arm 2 The table below lists the characteristics of the blood found in one blood vessel in the circulation of a mammal. oxygen concentration carbon dioxide concentration blood pressure high low high Which blood vessel, A, B, C or D, contains blood with these characteristics? A aorta C vena cava B hepatic portal vein D pulmonary vein 3 The diagrams show sections through two types of blood vessel. Which vessel has valves present and which carries blood under the highest pressure? valves present blood under highest pressure A B C D 1 1 2 2 1 2 1 2

44 4 After vigorous muscular exercise, which blood vessel contains many more hydrogencarbonate ions in the plasma? A aorta C pulmonary vein B hepatic artery D vena cava 5 The bar chart shows the concentration of oxygen in blood sampled at five places in the circulatory system of a mammal. Which blood sample was taken from a pulmonary vein? 6 The diagram shows a vertical section through the heart of a mammal. What are the numbered blood vessels? aorta pulmonary artery pulmonary vein vena cava A B C D 1 1 2 3 2 3 4 1 3 4 2 4 4 2 1 2

45 7 The diagram shows a section through the heart. Which numbered blood vessels carry oxygenated blood? A 1 only C 1 and 3 only B 2 only D 4 and 5 only 8 Blood samples from three veins in the body were tested for the concentration of oxygen, carbon dioxide and urea. The results, in arbitrary units, are shown in the table. vein oxygen concentration carbon dioxide concentration urea concentration 1 2 3 40 40 90 48 48 40 1.5 7.5 4.0 Which veins were sampled? hepatic vein pulmonary vein renal vein A B C D 1 2 3 3 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 1 9 Some of the components of the blood of a mammal are listed. 1 antibodies 2 fibrinogen 3 platelets 4 white blood cells Which two components are involved in attacking bacteria and other organisms that cause disease? A 1 and 2 C 2 and 3 B 1 and 4 D 3 and 4

46 10 The diagram shows the pressures in the left side of the heart during one heartbeat. Which valves are open and which are closed at the time marked X? bicuspid semi-lunar A B C D closed closed open open closed open closed open 11 Which row shows the blood vessels carrying blood to and from the organs listed? blood vessel carrying blood to the organ organ blood vessel carrying blood from the organ A B C D aorta hepatic artery pulmonary artery renal vein heart liver lung kidney pulmonary vein hepatic portal vein pulmonary vein renal artery

47 12 The diagram shows a section through part of a vein. What could be the first organs found in the directions 1 and 2? 1 2 A B C D heart intestine kidney lung brain liver heart heart 13 The graph shows the pressure changes in the left atrium and the left ventricle while the heart is beating. When does the atrio-ventricular (bicuspid) valve close?

48 Section B Structured Questions 1 The figure is a diagram of a capillary showing blood flow and blood cells. (a) State the main function of red blood cells. _______________________________________________________________________________ (b) Red blood cells change their shape as they pass along the capillaries. They assume the ‘bell’ shape shown in the figure. Suggest two ways in which this change in shape is an advantage. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ (c) Name the other types of cells in the blood of the capillary. State the function of each type. (i) Name ___________________________________________________________________ (indicate this cell on the figure by labeling the cell with the letter X) Function _________________________________________________________________ (ii) Name ___________________________________________________________________ (indicate this cell on the figure by labeling the cell with the letter Y) Function _________________________________________________________________ 2 Figure A shows a heart. (a) Label the structures P, Q, and R. P ________________ R ________________ Q ________________ Fig. A

49 Figure B is a transverse section through the same heart. (b) (i) Label the regions S and T. (ii) Explain why the wall surrounding T is thicker than the wall surrounding S. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ (iii) Draw a line through Fig A to indicate the position from which the section in Fig B was taken. (c) Complete the table to show whether the blood in vessels P, Q, R and S in Fig. A is oxygenated or de-oxygenated, and under high or low pressure. Blood oxygenated Blood under high pressure P Q R S (c) (i) State two substances in food that are believed to cause heart disease. 1. ____________________________________________________________________ 2. ____________________________________________________________________ (ii) State two other factors that are possible causes of heart disease. 1. ____________________________________________________________________ 2. ____________________________________________________________________ Fig. B

50 When artery P becomes blocked, it is sometimes replaced, during an operation, with a vein taken from another part of the patient’s body. (d) (i) When the vein is sewn into place, why must great care be taken to ensure that it is the correct way round? _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ (ii) Suggest one advantage and one disadvantage of using the patient’s own vein rather than an artery transplanted from another person. Advantage _______________________________________________________________ Disadvantage ____________________________________________________________ 3 Long insoluble threads are formed as the blood clots over a cut in the skin. Fig 3 shows how the insoluble threads are formed. (a) (i) Name the soluble protein S. ______________________________________________________ (ii) Name the long insoluble thread T. _________________________________________________ 4 At an altitude of 4000 metres, the pressure which forces oxygen into blood is reduced by approximately 33%. A person moves from sea level to live at this altitude for 24 days. Fig. 4 shows the effect of the reduced oxygen availability on the number of red blood cells in the person’s blood.