2024 PLMGS SEC4EXP Geog PRELIM MS

Subject: Humanities (Geography)Date: 14 August 2024Subject Code: 2260/02Duration: 1 hr 45 minName : ______________________________( )Class : __________ Instructions to Candidate:Do not open this booklet until you are told to do so.You must answer all the questions.Write your answers in this booklet. Write in dark blue or black pen.Do not use highlighter, glue or correction fluid.Candidates should support their answers with the use of relevant examples. Sketch maps, graphs and diagrams should be drawn whenever they serve to illustrate an answer. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. The total marks for this paper is 50.FOR TEACHER’S USEQuestion 1Geography in everyday life/14Question 2Tourism/18Question 3Climate/18Total /50_______________________________________________________________________This paper consists of 14 printed pages. Paya Lebar Methodist Girls’ School (Secondary)Preliminary Examination 2024Secondary 4 (Express) [Turn Over

2 2260/02/EGG/4E/PRELIM/2024 Answer all questions.1Cluster 1: Geography in Everyday Life (a)Study Fig. 1.1 and Fig. 1.2, which show a provision store in Tiong Bahru, Singapore, that has been operating since 1938. Fig. 1.1 shows the store on its closing day while Fig. 1.2 is a newspaper report on the store’s closing day. After 85 years, enduring the turmoil of World War II and various other crises such as COVID-19, the old-school provision shop in Tiong Bahru is closing its doors. On Friday, the family running the store held a smallfarewellpartytothankFig. 1.1 Fig. 1.2 With reference to Fig. 1.1 and 1.2, explain how people can develop a sense of place.People might have repeated encounters with this place. This helps them to recall the character and features of this location that has helped to create meaning and memories for them.People might have grown up in this neighbourhood and visited this shop on a regular basis which creates a strong memory of this [3]

3 2260/02/EGG/4E/PRELIM/2024 place for them.People can also develop a sense of place when there are significant or memorable events at gathering places like this provision shop.This shop can also be the interaction point for many residents in this area, creating memories through their time in the shop, creating a sense of place.Any 3 @ 1 mark each(b) Explain how regulating ecosystem services in a tropical rainforest can provide benefits to people. Regulating ecosystem services refers to the benefits obtained from the regulation of ecosystem processes. Trees in the tropical rainforests provide a canopy of shade to lower surface and air temperatures. The vegetation cover can reduce surface runoff by retaining water in the soil. This is also known as water flow regulation. The trees or other plants in the park play an important role in regulating air quality by removing pollutants from the atmosphere.Any 2 @ 1 mark each[2](c)Study Fig. 1.3, which shows firefighting effort during an intense oil storage tank fire that happened on Pulau Busing, Singapore in 2018. Fig. 1.3Using information from Fig. 1.3 and your own knowledge, suggest relevant disaster risk management strategies that Singapore has taken to safeguard the sustainability of urban neighbourhoods.As illustrated in Fig. 1.3, the Singapore Civil Defence Force (SCDF) is well-equipped and trained to handle fire incidents, which are a significant risk in Singapore.Town councils also have the responsibility to cooperate with other government agencies in securing public safety and preventing disease or injury.[4]

4 2260/02/EGG/4E/PRELIM/2024 Another strategy is to improve residents’ emergency preparedness to respond to natural and technological hazards.The SCDF conducts a community emergency preparedness programme which focuses on key lifesaving skills and important emergency procedures. As a result, the participants will gain a deeper understanding on how they can help others during an emergency.Next, the implementation of monitoring and warning system warns the public of imminent threats that may endanger lives and property such as natural and man-made disasters.SCDF has a public warning system which is a network of sirens placed at strategic points throughout the city. This is to enable residents to respond quickly, evacuate safely, and minimize injuries and fatalities.Award maximum 3 marks if only one strategy is given.Award a maximum of 1 additional mark for further development of each explanation, where applicable. (d)A group of Singapore students were investigating the cultural ecosystem services of parks in Singapore. As part of their investigation, they conducted a survey on a weekday, between 8 am to 9 am with users of Pasir Ris Park. The survey gathered information regarding their visit duration and residential proximity, as shown in Fig. 1.4 and Fig. 1.5 respectively.Visit duration of Pasir Ris Park visitors Fig. 1.4

5 2260/02/EGG/4E/PRELIM/2024 Residential proximity of Pasir Ris Park visitors Fig. 1.5Using Fig. 1.4 and Fig. 1.5, evaluate the validity of the students’ findings regarding the use of Pasir Ris Park.The findings are valid because the data collected addresses the investigation question, highlighting the visit duration [1 mark]. 80% of users spent at least 30 minutes in the park which indicates that the park provides sufficient cultural ecosystem services that encourage users to stay for an extended period. [1 additional mark].The findings are valid because the data collected addresses the investigation question, highlighting the residential proximity of the users [1 mark]. About 30% of the users came to Paris Ris despite living far away, and it suggests that the park's cultural ecosystem services are significant enough to attract visitors from distant locations. [1 additional mark].The findings may not be valid because visitors might not have explored the park. [1 mark] This could happen for visitors who were merely walking through the park and were not there for the green spaces. [1 additional mark].The findings may not be valid as the investigation was only carried out in one day and this may affect the reliability of the data. [1 mark] The students may get a different result during a weekend when the park is more crowded. [1 additional mark].The findings may not be valid as the investigation was only carried out between 8 am to 9 am [1 mark] and they may not take into consideration the users who visit the park in the evening or afternoon. [1 additional mark].Need to have both sides. Max 3 marks if students only discuss one side.Max of 3 marks if no data is given from Fig. 1.4/ Fig. 1.5 [5] 2Cluster 2: Tourism(a)Study Fig. 2.1, which shows an example of tourists’ experience in Mongolia.

6 2260/02/EGG/4E/PRELIM/2024 Fig. 2.1(i)With reference to Fig. 2.1, state the stage of tourism development shown.[1]Exploration (1 mark)(Other stages of development not accepted)(ii)Describe the personality type of the tourist who will make this trip to Mongolia.[2]Venturers – individuals who reach out and explore the world in all of its diversity. Prefer to travel alone or in small numbers to explore less developed, unique places where they can participate in new experiences even if it is not so convenient.More likely to visit new places each time they travel, hence they prefer to make their own travel plans, and often opt for niche tourism.Any 2 @ 1 mark each(b) Using named examples, explain how the need to achieve personal growth and self-fulfilment has increased people’s motivation to travel.[2]Need to achieve personal growth and self-fulfillment•Some travellers may choose a travel destination where they can pick up a new skill such as cooking local cuisines.•For example, many cooking schools have sprung up in Bali to cater to tourists’ desire to learn more about Balinese cuisine.•Pilgrimage tourism is another example where tourists travel to sacred sites to learn more about their faiths and grow spirit