2024 SMSS SEC4EXP Geog PRELIM MS

ST. MARGARET’SSCHOOL(SECONDARY)PreliminaryExaminations2024 CANDIDATENAME SUGGESTEDMARKINGGUIDE CLASS REGISTERNUMBER HUMANITIES(GEOGRAPHY) Paper 2Geography Secondary4Express Candidatesanswer ontheQuestionPaper. 2260/02 20August 2024 1hour 45minutes Additional Materials: Insert READTHESEINSTRUCTIONSFIRST Writeyour name, registrationnumber andclassonall theworkyouhandin.Writeindarkblueor blackpen.YoumayuseanHBpencil for anydiagramsor graphs.Donot usestaples, paper clips, glueor correctionfluid. Answer threequestionsintotal:SectionAAnswer Question1andQuestion2.SectionBAnswer either Question3or Question4. TheInsert containsadditional resourcesreferredtointhequestions. Thenumber of marksisgiveninbrackets[ ] at theendof eachquestionor part question. Thisdocumentconsistsof 17printedpages, 1blankpageand1Insert. For Examiner’sUseQuestion Marks1 / 142 / 183 / 4 * / 18

2 SectionAAnswer Question1andQuestion2. 1 Cluster 1: GeographyinEverydayLife (a) Fig. 1.1 shows an excerpt from a news article on raccoons found in urbanneighbourhoodsof Toronto, Canada. Excerpt fromanewsarticleonraccoonsfoundinurbanneighbourhoodsofToronto, CanadaIn Toronto, raccoons symbolise the strugglebetween urban development andwildlifeadaptation.Dubbed "trash pandas," they navigate the cityeffortlessly, raiding garbage bins and causingproperty damage. Residents' opinions vary, withsome embracingthemasresilient citydwellerswhileotherscall for populationcontrol. Efforts to outsmart them, like raccoon-proof bins,often fail. The raccoon dilemma highlights thecomplexities of urban expansion and human-wildlifeinteractions. Toronto faces a choice: continue thebattle against raccoons or find a way to coexistpeacefully. It is a lesson in the evolving relationshipbetweencitiesandnature. Fig. 1.1(i) With reference to Fig. 1.1, explain howraccoon encounters in Torontocouldhaveoccurred. [2]Award 1 mark for each explanation on how raccoon encounters in Torontocouldhaveoccurred, toamaximumof 2marks.Award a maximum of 1 additional mark for further development of eachexplanation, whereapplicable. Possibleresponsesinclude:● The raccoon encounters could have occurred due to urban expansion.As population in cities have grown, urban areas expand and encroachintothenatural environment. [1mark] SMS(S) PreliminaryExaminations2024 Total / 50*Circlethequestionattempted.

3 ● This expansion causes urban areas and the home territory of raccoonstooverlapor leadstothenatural habitat of raccoonsshrinking. [1mark]● The food source of the raccoons could also be removedor reduceddueto urban expansion, and this would force the animals to venture intourban areas in search of food [1 mark], leading to raccoons raidinggarbagebinsfor foodinToronto, asseeninFig. 1.1. [1additional mark] AO2 (ii) Explain the negativeeffectsof raccoonencountersonthecitydwellersinToronto. [3]Award 1 mark for each explanation on negative impacts of raccoonencountersoncitydwellersinToronto, toamaximumof 3marks.Award a maximum of 1 additional mark for further development of eachexplanation, whereapplicable. Possibleresponsesinclude:● As the raccoon population in Toronto increases, city dwellers who maynot know how to deal with them may unintentionally provoke them,leadingtoattacks. [1mark]● The city dwellers communities would be negatively impacted asunexpected human encounters with raccoons would likely result ininjuries. [1additional mark]● City dwellers would also suffer frompropertydamageandlitteringduetoraccoonsscavengingfor foodingarbagebins. [1mark]● Due to the scavenging behaviour of raccoons which can be noisy anddisruptive, thiscoulddisturbcitydwellers’ peaceof mind. [1mark]● Raccoons rummaging through trash bins can potentially carry diseases,posinghealthriskstocitydwellers. [1mark] AO1 SMS(S) PreliminaryExaminations2024

4 (b) An elderly-friendly exercise park was recently installed in a HDBestate in Singapore.A group of students decided to carry out a geographical investigation on the agegroupsof peoplewhousetheexercisepark. The group decided to count the number of visitors at the park at different timesof theday for one weekend during the June holidays. Whilecountingthenumber of usersatthe park, the group also estimates the ages of theparkvisitors. Groupmemberswereto stand at the park for five minutes every hour from 8 am till 8 pm and count thenumber of visitorspresent. ThedatacollectedisshowninTable1.1. SMS(S) PreliminaryExaminations2024

5 Table1.1 Number of peoplewhousetheexerciseparkonaweekend Number of visitorsTime Saturday Sunday Average8.00AM 6 8 79.00AM 6 7 6.510.00AM 5 5 511.00AM 0 0 012.00PM 0 0 01.00PM 0 0 02.00PM 0 0 03.00PM 0 0 04.00PM 5 5 55.00PM 7 8 7.56.00PM 5 6 5.57.00PM 2 2 28.00PM 0 0 0 (i) Drawa suitable graph that shows the relationship between the time ofdayandtheaveragenumber of visitorsat theparkonaweekend. [3]Award 1 mark for drawing the correct graph (line graph or scatter plotgraph).Award1markfor accuratelabellingof xandyaxes.Award 1 mark for accurate scale (i.e. consistent intervals, proportionalrepresentation, appropriate range) and accurate plotting of points on thegraph. Scatter plot graph: SMS(S) PreliminaryExaminations2024

6 Linegraph: AO2 (ii) Evaluate the validity of the students’ investigation regarding the agegroupof peoplewhousetheexercisepark. [6]Award 1 mark for each evaluation of the validity of the students’investigation, toamaximumof 6marks.Award a maximum of 1 additional mark for further development of eachexplanation, whereapplicable. Possibleresponsesinclude: SMS(S) PreliminaryExaminations2024

7 ● The investigation is valid as the students collected firsthand data bycounting the number of peoplewhousestheparkandobservingtheagegroupsof peoplewhousesthepark. [1mark]● The data collected from the investigation is valid as the studentsobserved the park at regular intervals (every hour from 8am to 8pm)whichcapturesvariationsinparkusagethroughout theday. [1mark]● The investigation is valid as data was collected over a weekend sinceparks typically experience higher usage during weekends [1 mark],allowing for better accuracy of the age group of people who uses theexerciseparktobeobserved. [1additional mark]● The investigation may not be valid as data was only collected for oneweekend and may not give a full picture of how it is used. [1 mark]People might use the park differently on weekdays and this was notcapturedintheinvestigation. [1mark]● The investigation may not be valid as observing the park for only fiveminutes every hour might miss some visitors who come and go at othertimes. [1 mark] This short observation might not showthe actual varietyof agegroupwhousesthepark. [1additional mark]● The investigation may not be valid as estimating the age groups ofvisitors based on observation can be subjective and prone to error. [1mark] Different observers might categorise individuals into age groupsdifferently, leadingtoinconsistenciesinthedata. [1additional mark] AO3 [Total: 14marks] 2 Cluster 2: Tourism (a) Study Fig. 2.1(Insert) showingatourismbrochureontheFaroeIslands, anarchipelagointheNorthAtlanticOcean. SMS(S) PreliminaryExaminations2024

8 FaroeIslandstourismbrochure Unwindandrelaxatoneof thestunningandsecludedbeachesontheFaroeIslands,surroundedbydramaticcliffsandruggedlandscapes. TrektothesummitsoficonicpeakssuchasSlaettaratindur, thehighest point intheFaroeIslands, forunmatchedvistasandaprofoundsenseofachievement. Traversewindingtrails,uncover ancienttraditions, andimmerseintheessenceofFaroesecultureamidstthecaptivatingvillagesof TórshavnandGjógv. Fig. 2.1 With reference to Fig. 2.1, account for the different motivations behindpeople’stravel totheFaroeIslands. [4]Award 1 mark for each explanation on whypeopletravel totheFaroeIslands, toamaximumof 4marks. SMS(S) PreliminaryExaminations2024

9 Award a maximum of 1 additional mark for further development of eachexplanation, whereapplicable. Possibleresponsesinclude:● People would travel to the Faroe Islands to relieve stress, or as a way to re