TJC 2023 IP4 Themal Properties of Matter Notes.pdf

IP4 Physics Topic 19 – Thermal Properties of Matter Page 1 of 9 TJC IP4 PHYSICS Student’s Copy Topic 19 – Thermal Properties of Matter Content • Internal energy • Specific heat capacity • Melting, boiling and evaporation • Specific latent heat Learning Outcomes Candidates should be able to: (a) describe a rise in temperature of a body in terms of an increase in its internal energy (random thermal energy) (b) define the terms heat capacity and specific heat capacity (c) recall and apply the relationship thermal energy = mass x specific heat capacity x change in temperature to new situations or to solve related problems (d) describe melting/solidification and bo iling/condensation as processes of energy transfer without a change in temperature (e) explain the difference between boiling and evaporation (f) define the terms latent heat and specific latent heat (g) recall and apply the relationship thermal energy = mass x specific latent heat to new situations or to solve related problems (h) explain latent heat in terms of molecular behaviour (i) sketch and interpret a cooling curve Note that the following Learning outcomes of Transfer of Thermal Energy had been completed in IP2 Green Science (refer to Physics Matters reference book Chapter 10) 1. show understanding that thermal energy is transferred from a region of higher temperature to a region of lower temperature 2. explain what is meant by conduction, convection and radiation 3. describe, in molecular terms, how energy transfer occurs in solids 4. describe, in terms of density changes, convection in fluids 5. explain that energy transfer of a body by radiation does not require a material medium and the rate of energy transfer is affected by: • colour and texture of the surface • surface temperature • surface area 6. infer from experiments that different materials have different rates of heat flow 7. apply the concept of thermal energy transfer to everyday applications This study source was downloaded by 100000857398866 from CourseHero.com on 11-15-2024 00:08:48 GMT -06:00 https://www.coursehero.com/file/237296757/202320IP420Physics20Topic1920Themal20Properties20of20Matter20Notes20S-2pdf/

IP4 Physics Topic 19 – Thermal Properties of Matter Page 2 of 9 TJC IP4 PHYSICS Student’s Copy 19.1 Internal energy LO (a) All particles in matter vibrate about fixed positions (kinetic energy) and are held together by strong intermolecular forces (potential energy). The total energy for the particles is called the internal energy. The internal energy in molecules consists of: ▪ kinetic energy that directly depends on temperature ▪ potential energy that depends on the force between the molecules and their distance apart ▪ when the temperature of a substance rises, internal energy increases ▪ when the temperature of a substance falls, energy is released and internal energy decreases forces This study source w