PLMGS 2016 Bio Prelim P2 QP

[Turn over CANDIDATE NAME CLASS CLASS INDEX NUMBER CENTRE NUMBER INDEX NUMBER BIOLOGY (SPA) 5158/02 Paper 2 1 9 A u g u s t 2 0 1 6 Moles, Rates of Reactions, Energy Changes 1 hour 45 min READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your name and index number on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper. You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Section A Answer all questions in the spaces provided in the question paper. Section B Answer all three questions, the last question is in the form either/or. Write your answers on the lined paper in this booklet and, if necessary, continue on separate answer paper. At the end of the examination, submit Section A and B separately. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. _______________________________________________________________________________ This paper consists of 17 printed pages including the cover page. For Examiner’s Use Section A Section B 6 7 8 Total Paya Lebar Methodist Girls’ School (Secondary) Preliminary Examination 2016 Secondary 4 Express 508 trendyline___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ This paper consists of This paper consists of 177 printed pages including the cover pprinted pages including the cover p d

2 Section A [50 marks] Answer all questions in this section. Write your answers in the spaces provided. 1 Fig. 1.1 shows a type of plant cell. Fig.1.1 (a) Fig. 1.1 shows the lower surface of a leaf. Label P, Q and R. [3] P :…………………………………...………………………….………………………………. Q :…………………………………...………………………….………………………………. R :…………………………………...………………………….………………………………. (b) Fig. 1.2 below shows the enlarged diagram of Cell Q. Fig. 1.2 509 trendylineFig. 1.2. 1.2

[Turn over 3 (i) During the day, potassium pump moves K+ ions into Cell Q from surrounding cells while at night the potassium pump removes K+ ions out of Cell Q into surrounding cells. Describe and explain how that helps structure R to remain open or close. Open …………………..…..……………………………………...………………………….………… …………………..…..……………………………………...………………………….………… …………………..…..……………………………………...………………………….………… …………………..…..……………………………………...………………………….………… ……………..………..……………………………………………………………….……......[2] Close: …………………..…..……………………………………...………………………….………… …………………..…..……………………………………...………………………….………… …………………..…..……………………………………...………………………….………… …………………..…..……………………………………...………………………….………… ……………..………..……………………………………………………………….……......[2] (ii) Describe and explain how Cell Q is adapted for its function. …………………..…..……………………………………...………………………….………… …………………..…..……………………………………...………………………….………… …………………..…..……………………………………...………………………….………… …………………..…..……………………………………...………………………….………… …………………..…..……………………………………...………………………….………… ……………..………..……………………………………………………………….……......[2] (iii) Using Cell Q as an example, compare and contrast how coordination and responses are different in animals and plants. …………………..…..……………………………………...………………………….………… …………………..…..……………………………………...………………………….………… …………………..…..……………………………………...………………………….………… …………………..…..……………………………………...………………………….………… ……………..………..……………………………………………………………….……......[2] [ T o t a l : 1 1 m ] 510 trendyline

4 2 Atmospheric air contains oxygen and carbon dioxide. (a) Complete Table 2 to show the percentage of carbon dioxide and oxygen found in inhaled and exhaled air. [2] Gas Carbon dioxide / % Oxygen / % Inhaled Air Exhaled Air Table 2 (b) Explain how oxygen reaches a muscle cell from the alveoli and how it is used by the muscle cells. …………..………..……………………………………………………………….……...…… …………………..…..……………………………………...………………………….……… …………..………..……………………………………………………………….……...…… …………………..…..……………………………………...………………………….……… …………..………..……………………………………………………………….……...…… …………………..…..……………………………………...………………………….……… …………..………..……………………………………………………………….……...…… …………...…………………..…..……………………………………...………...……….…[4] (c) Explain what happens in a muscle cell when it lacks oxygen. …………..………..……………………………………………………………….……...…… …………………..…..……………………………………...………………………….……… …………..………..……………………………………………………………….……...…… …………...…………………..…..……………………………………...………...……….…[2] (d) At higher altitude, oxygen is less available than it is at low altitudes. Suggest modifications of the circulatory and respiratory systems that might help people that live for many years at high altitude. …………..………..……………………………………………………………….……...…… …………………..…..……………………………………...………………………….……… …………..………..……………………………………………………………….……...…… …………………..…..……………………………………...………………………….……… …………..………..……………………………………………………………….……...…… …………………..…..……………………………………...………………………….……… …………..………..……………………………………………………………….……...…… …………...…………………..…..……………………………………...………...……….…[4] [ T o t a l : 1 2 m ] 511 trendyline…………..…..……………………………………...……………………………..…..……………………………………...……………… …..………..…………………………………………………………..………..…………………………………………………… …...…………………..…..……………………………………...… …...…………………..…..……………………………………...…

[Turn over 5 3 Fig. 3.1 shows a plant called the ghost plant, a neighbouring tree and a magnified diagram of its flower. It is called a ghost plant because it is often completely white in colour. Cells of the ghost plant do not contain chloroplasts. Fig. 3.1 (a) Explain why the ghost plant needs to have fungi for the flow of nutrients. …………………..…..……………………………………...………………………….………… ………..………..……………………………………………………………….……...………… ……………..…..……………………………………...………………………….……………… …..………..……………………………………………………………….……...……………[2] (b) From the appearance of the flower, suggest how this plant is pollinated. …………………..…..……………………………………...………………………….………… ………..………..……………………………………………………………….……...………… …………………..…..……………………………………...………………………….………… ………..………..……………………………………………………………….……...………… ……………..…..……………………………………...………………………….……………… …..………..……………………………………………………………….……...……………[3] 512 trendyline………..……………………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………… ……..…..……………………………………...…………………………..…..……………………………………...……………………… …..………………………………………………………………. ……..……………………………………………………………….…

6 (c) Fig. 3.2 shows a potato plant grown from a tuber. The tubers that potato plants are grown from are common referred to as seed potatoes. Fig. 3.2 Potatoes can reproduce asexually by means of tubers. The parent plant produces underground stems, which eventually form tubers. With reference to Fig. 3.2, describe how tubers are formed from the underground stems in potatoes. …………………..…..……………………………………...………………………….………… ………..………..……………………………………………………………….……...………… …………………..…..……………………………………...………………………….………… ………..………..……………………………………………………………….……...………… ……………..…..……………………………………...………………………….……………… …..………..……………………………………………………………….……...……………[2] [ T o t a l : 7 m ] 513 trendyline

[Turn over 7 4 Fig. 4.1 shows two varieties of moth, Biston betularia with pale speckled wings and a second variety with black wings. There are no intermediate forms. Equal numbers of both varieties were released into a forest made up of trees with light-coloured bark. Fig.4.1 After two weeks, scientists tried to catch as many moths as possible and the results are as shown in Table 4.2. Table 4.2 (a) Account for the difference in the number of varieties of moths caught, in relation to the colour of the bark. …………..………..……………………………………………………………….……...…… …………..………..……………………………………………………………….……...…… …………..………..……………………………………………………………….……...…… …………...…………………..…..……………………………………...………………….…[2] wing colour of moth number of moths released number of moths caught pale, speckled 10