_Geography chapter 7

Geography chapter 7 Notes -What are cities? A city is a defined urban area within a country. Different countries have different guidelines to identify their cities. Factors that make a city: -A large population size compared to other locations in the country. - A high population density compared to other locations in the country A population density is a measurement of the number of people living in a unit area of land Population density formula: Number of people living in an area/ Land area - A built-up area which means that the land surface is mostly covered by buildings. This can include extensive infrastructure which is a system of buildings and equipment meant to provide basic services such as water, electricity, sanitation, telecommunications and transport for its residents. A dense built-up with tall buildings closely-built. -Range of Functions which can be administrative, commercial or educational activities. Manufacturing industries produce and sell a variety of products including paper and cars and business also benefits from modern infrastructure such as: Telecommunications systems to communicate efficiently with suppliers, customers and across offices in other locations. Well connected transport systems to move goods around the city and country and even for export to other countries -Relationship between cities and rural areas Compared to cities(urban areas), rural areas have a lower population size and density. Also having fewer functions which are also less built-up . Despite these differences, cities and rural areas in many countries are connected by movement of people, goods and services. Some people(migrants) in cities may have originally come from another location in their country before settling down. This is common for people to move from rural areas to urban areas such as towns and cities, this process is called rural-urban migration . Migrants move due to many reasons, known as Push factors(negative reasons causing migrants to want to leave ) or Pull factors(positive reasons attracting migrants towards a destination) Pull reasons may include: 1)High pay 2) Safe and political stability 3)More opportunities

4)Better healthcare Push factors may include: 1)War or political instability making it unsafe for people to stay in rural areas hence prompting people to relocate to urban areas. 2)A lack of essential facilities such as education facilities. Education is important as it enables people to gain knowledg