Commonwealth Sec 2E Geography EOY 2022

COMMONWEALTH SECONDARY SCHOOL END-OF-YEAR EXAMINATION 2022 GEOGRAPHY Name: ____________________________________ ( ) Class: ___________ SECONDARY TWO EXPRESS 07 October 2022 0800 - 0915 1 hour 15 minutes MARK SCHEME Section A Answer all questions below. (Total: 18 marks) 1 a) b) Describe the characteristics of informal housing. Suggested Answer: - Self-built squatter settlements - Typically found in unwanted land use - No legal right to occupy land - Lack of access to basic services - Poor quality building materials Students can choose any 4 points to describe. Explain two factors that could influence the location of informal housing. Suggested Answer: ▪ Land-use planning (e.g., restrictive land use, zoning) ▪ Developers (i.e., government and private developers) ▪ Land price (i.e., cost of land for formal housing) [4] [2]

2 c) ▪ Housing financial support (i.e., finance schemes for the poor, improved access to finance for developers) Study Photograph A, which shows the impact housing can bring to the physical environment. Photograph A Source: https://theconversation.com/lin-south-africa-is-the-expression-of-wider-selfish-and-costly-culture-96186 Using only Photograph A, outline how housing can negatively affect the environment. Suggested Answer: From Photograph A, • Presence of litter/exposed rubbish on the streets likely a result of inadequate waste disposal management, leading to land pollution. • Excessive rubbish may lead to clogged drains, encouraging breeding of mosquitoes and spread of disease. • Housing areas accompanied by heavy vehicular traffic as shown, contributing to poor air quality from vehicular emissions. [2]

3 d) Study Photograph B, which shows the central courtyard at Dakota Crescent, Singapore. Photograph B Source: https://www.ura.gov.sg/Corporate/Planning/Master-Plan/Regional-Highlights/Central-Region (i) Annotate on Photograph B the different features within this project that could increase the level of inclusivity in the neighbourhood. (ii) With reference to a specific country, describe and explain how the presence of amenities could help improve the quality of life of individuals. The presence of amenities could make life easier for the residents living in the area, hence amenities are desirable in a neighborhood [1]. For instance, in Singapore, in every neighbourhood, there will be sufficient wet markets, hawker centres and clinics in close proximity [1]. This would help residents to acquire their everyday grocery from nearby shops [1].