Yishun 1E Geography EOY 2022

YISHUN SECONDARY SCHOOL END-OF-YEAR EXAMINATION 2022 SECONDARY 1 EXPRESS MARK SCHEME Section A Answer Question 1 from this section. 1 (a) Study Fig. 1, which shows a type of water store. A type of water store Fig. 1 With reference to Fig. 1, identify the water store labelled A and describe how this water store forms. Identify: ● Soil moisture [1] Describe: ● When it rains, water passes through small openings called pores [1] A

2 ● Water is then stored in the soil as soil moisture [1] (b) Study Fig. 2, which shows water budget in a catchment area. Water budget in a catchment area Fig. 2 With reference to Fig. 2, state the net change in storage and explain why this occurs. State: ● Water surplus [1] Explain: ● Water input is higher than water output [1] ● Water input such as precipitation/rainfall is very high. Water output such as surface runoff/ evaporation/ transpiration is lower[1] ● This results in an increase in amount of water in the catchment [1] (c) Describe how people use water for industrial purposes. Any 3 points ● Used to cool equipment in factories and power plants [1] ● Used to turn turbines to generate electricity [1] ● Used as cleaning agent in wafer fabrication [1] ● Used as ingredient to produce food /drinks in industries [1]

3 (d) With reference to a named example, explain how human actions lead to water pollution. ● Rhine river in Western Europe [1] ● Toxic chemical spill in 1986 [1] ● Large amounts of pesticides were released into the river [1] (e) Explain how Singapore uses technology to develop new ways to produce water. ● Singapore uses advanced membrane technology / reverse osmosis [1] ● This technology is used in desalination plants to convert seawater into drinking water [1] ● The technology helps to treat used water and recycle it into drinking/ potable water [1] (f) Study Fig. 3, which shows a flood in Canada during Spring. Flood in Canada during Spring Fig. 3

4 With reference to Fig. 3, explain why this area in Canada is prone to this type of floods.. Any 2 points ● Sustained heavy/excessive rainfall causes sudden increase in water level in the rivers [1] ● Meltwater from snow as ice starts to melt during Spring and enters streams and tributaries. Water from tributaries flows into rivers , water level rises rapidly and overflows its banks, flooding the surroundings/ surrounding low-lying areas [1]

5 Section B Answer Question 2 from this section 2 (a) Study Fig. 4, which shows the rate of deforestation in Brazil, South America from 1995 to 2015. Deforestation in the Amazon rainforest in Brazil, South America Fig. 4 With reference to Fig. 4, describe the trend in the deforestation rates in Brazil from the year 1995 to 2015. Reserve 1m for overall trend ● Overall decreasing trend from 1995 t