Bedok South Sec S2 History 2023 EOY

1 This document consists of 5 printed pages, including this cover page. BEDOK SOUTH SECONDARY SCHOOL END-OF-YEAR EXAMINATION 2023 2EXP CANDIDATE NAME CLASS REGISTER NUMBER LOWER SECONDARY HISTORY Additional materials: Writing Paper 2 October 2023 1 hour 30 minutes READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your name, index number and class at the top of this page. Write your name, index number and class on all the work you hand in. Write your answers on the writing paper provided. Write in dark blue or black pen. Answer all parts of Question 1 in Section A. Answer both parts of any one question in Section B. Fasten your answer scripts together. Submit question paper and answer scripts separately. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. Setter: Mrs Joan Yang For Examiner’s Use Section A / 25 Section B / 15 Total 40 [Turn over

2 SECTION A (Source Based Case Study) Study the Background Information and the sources carefully, and then answer all the questions. In answering the questions you should use your knowledge of the issue to help you interpret and evaluate the sources. 1 (a) Study Source A. What does the source tell you about the response of people to the National Service Ordinance? Explain your answer. [5] (b) Study Source B. Why do you think the newspaper published this article ? Explain your answer. [6] (c) Study Sources C and D. How similar are Sources C and D? Explain your answer. [7] (d) Study Source E. Does th e source prove that people in Singapore supported the National Service Ordinance? Explain your answer. [7]

3 What were the people’s reactions towards the 1953 National Service Ordinance? Background Information After World War Two, the British felt that the responsibility of protecting Singapore should be more evenly spread out among the population. With the threat of communism, the British introduced the National Service Ordinance in 1953, requiring all males aged between 18 and 20 to register for National Service by May 1954. Those who failed to do so will be fined or jailed. The announcement sparked off debate in Singapore during that time. Study the following sources to find out about the people’s reactions towards the 1953 National Service Ordinance. Source A: A newspaper report published by The Straits Times on 25 May 1952. *A bill is a draft law which is discussed in parliament. Source B: The headlines of The Singapore Free Press, a popular English language Newspaper, published on 13 May 1953. The leaders of the Labour Front party called for a meeting to discuss about the National Service Bill*. During the meeting, the bill was vigorously debated. The party leaders spoke in support of the bill and gave a reasoned and fair speech on the need for National Service to build up the defence of Singapore. It was estimated that 300 party members attended the meeting. Majority voted against the National Service Bill. Mr Peter Williams, the party secretary -general said, “It is the duty of the British gove rnment to protect Singapore, and it is wrong to introduce a compulsory system of national service in a territory which does not have self-government”. *Red refers to communists.

4 Source C: Written by a historian on the 1954 anti-National Service Riots. Source D: A statement by Chinese student Teo Chye Hiong sharing his experience in the Anti-National Service Riots. Source E: Comments of Mr William Goode, the Colonial Governor of Singapore in 1954. * the agreement of all people involved. Copyright Acknowledgement: Source A: https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/Digitised/Article/straitstimes19520325-1.2.114 Source B: https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/Digitised/Article/freepress19540513-1.2.3 Source C: https://www.jstor.org/stable/26393638?read-now=1&seq=4#page_scan_tab_contents Source D: https://www.nas.gov.sg/archivesonline/data/pdfdoc/PressR19681028d.pdf Source E: https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/Digitised/Article/straitstimes19531216-1.2.21 Many youths see the British as being unfair towards the Chinese and were loyal to the Malayan Communist Party whom they feel grateful for fighting against the Japanese during World War two. Many of the Chinese students did not want to be enlisted into National Service as they did not want to be sent to fight against the communists. The Chinese students were not at all willing to sacrifice themselves for the British colonial government. They felt the British education policies were unfair to the Chinese schools. Many of the Chinese educated students graduated without being able to find good jobs. The communists incited the Chinese middle school students to oppose the National Service Ordinance. I was 18 years old then and was to be enlisted. My pro-communist classmate persuaded me to take part in the protest where Chinese students camped in school. He convinced me that the British will send me to fight the communists if I joined National Service. During the protest, we sang communist songs. My pro - communist classmates told me not to register for National Service and I was jailed 4 months because of that. As I wasted most of my time on communist activities, I did badly in school and failed my exams. Unable to graduate and without qualifications, I could not get a job. The National Service Ordinance was passed unanimously* by the Singapore Legislative Council yesterday. Describing National service as “practical”, Colonial Governor Mr Goode said “… National Service will be accepted not only by this council but also by the public and the youth of Singapore. Its success will show that Singapore is ready to accept the obligations as well as the privileges of self-government.

5 Section B (Essay) Answer both parts of any one question in this section. 2 This question is about merger and separation of Singapore from Malaysia. (a) Explain why Singapore wanted to merge with Malaya in 1963. [5] (b) Explain two reasons which caused the separation of Singapore from Malaysia in 1965. [10] 3 This question is about how Singapore safeguard its independence after 1965. (a) Explain how communist terrorism in Singapore was a challenge after its independence in 1965. [5] (b) Explain two ways in which Singapore built its defence force after its independence in 1965. [10] End of Paper

6 1a) Study Source A. What does the source tell you about the response of people towards the National Service Ordinance? Explain your answer. [5] Level Descriptors Marks L1 Lifting/ General description about source. E.g. The source tells me that the party leaders spoke in support of the bill and gave a reasoned and fair speech on the need for National Service to build up the defence of Singapore. 1 L2 Identifies inference, unsupported Award 2 marks for identifying one inference and 3 marks for two inferences. E.g. There were mixed responses to the National Service Ordinance. (2 marks) And/ Or E.g. I can tell that the responses were both positive and negative. (3 marks) I can tell that the leaders were supportive of the NS ordinance, but majority of the people were not supportive. (3 marks) 2-3 L3 Identifies inference, supported Award higher marks for a better developed answer OR 2 supported inferences. E.g. I can tell that the responses of the Labour Front leaders were positive towards the National Service Ordinance. From source A, “The party leaders spoke in support of the bill and gave a reasoned and fair speech on the need for the National Service to buil