YTSS Sec 4E5N SS Prelims 2024 with ANS

1 NAME: ( ) CLASS: YISHUN TOWN SECONDARY SCHOOL PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION 2024 SEC 4 EXPRESS / SEC 5 NORMAL ACADEMIC HUMANITIES SOCIAL STUDIES (2260/1, 2261/1, 2272/1) DATE : 16 August 2024 DAY : Friday DURATION: 1 hour 45 minutes MARKS: 50 ADDITIONAL MATERIALS Writing Paper READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your class, index number and name in the spaces provided on the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black ink. Section A Answer all questions. Section B Answer both questions. Write your answer in the writing paper provided. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question. This question paper consists of 7 printed pages and 1 blank page.

2 SECTION A (Source-Based Case Study) Answer all questions. Being part of a Globalised World Study the Background Information and the sources carefully, and then answer all the questions. You may use any of the sources to help you answer the questions, in addition to those sources you are told to use. In answering the questions, you should use your knowledge of the topic to help you interpret and evaluate the sources. 1 Study Source A. Why do you think this statement was published? Explain your answer. [5] 2 Study Sources B and C. How far would the cartoonists agree with one another? Explain your answer using details from the sources. [6] 3 Study Sources D and E. Does Source E make Source D surprising? Explain your answer. [7] 4 Study Source F. How far does Source F prove that Boko Haram had impacted the lives of the people in Nigeria? Explain your answer. [7] 5 “The government is successful in managing the crises in Nigeria.” Using sources in this case study, explain how far you would agree with this statement. [10]

3 How did Boko Haram impact the lives of the people in Nigeria? BACKGROUND INFORMATION Read this carefully. It may help you to answer some of the questions. Boko Haram is a terrorist organisation based in north-eastern Africa, which seeks to overthrow the existing government and establish a “pure” Islamic state in Nigeria. Since May 2011, Boko Haram has been responsible for over 37,500 deaths and the displacement of 2.5 million people in north-eastern Nigeria. Its activities have led to a decimation of economic, healthcare, and educational infrastructure in the region. The organisation is known for attacking Christians, Muslims and government targets , and ha d claimed responsibility for bombing churches, mosques, schools and police stations. The y are also responsible for the kidnapping of hostages including tourists and schoolgirls in Nigeria in order to threaten the government to give in to their demands. The Nigerian government had set up a Joint Task Force, a security military force in 2013 aimed at fighting against Boko Haram . However, it has been criticised for its slow and ineffective response in dealing with the terrorist groups and for disrespecting human rights during the process of its investigations, resulting in the prosecution of innocent people. The Nigerian government has denied these criticisms. Study the following sources to understand the impact that Boko Haram has had on the lives of the people in Nigeria. Source A: An official statement about the operation against Boko Haram issued by the Nigerian military forces, 2013. More than 70 members of the Boko Haram have been killed during a Nigerian military operation in the north -eastern state of Borno. Suspected members of the extremist group attacked a military checkpoint and special operations troops responded, waging a fie rce encounter with the terrorists for several hours. Suspected Boko Haram members had also attacked a military checkpoint in Maiduguri, North Nigeria. The Special operations troops responded, waging “a fierce encounter with the terrorists in various parts of Damaturu … for several hours. By the time that fighting was over, 21 suspected Boko Haram fighters were dead, the government group reported. Three vehicles were recovered, as were assault rifles, a rocket-propelled grenade, explosive devices and 709 rounds of ammunition.

4 Source B: An American cartoon about Boko Haram, published in 2015. Source C: A political cartoon by an African cartoonist published in 2016. The stains on the floor are blood stains.

5 * extra-judicial – illegal and prohibited by law. **NGOs (Non governmental organisations) are non-profit organizations that operates independently of any government, and whose purposes are to address a social or political issue. Source D: Adapted from a paper written by a US academic, published in a n American academia website in 2020. The indiscriminate use of force by the military towards the civilian population and suspected rebels, including coercion of civilians, extra-judicial* arrests and killings has been criticised by leading NGOs**. In 2015, a renewed counter-insurgency military offensive known as the Joint Task Force (JTF) seized back territory previously held by Boko Haram. This had not only led to the large movement of civilians from their homes, but also led to the worsening of the crisis. Despite these difficulties, the J TF was successful in recapturing strips of territory and prevented Boko Haram from having free access across the borders. In spite of their success in countering the insurgency, Boko Haram still pose a security threat to Nigeria and the greater Lake Chad region. Security forces have struggled to contain the insurgency in rural areas and Boko Haram continue to attack the civilian population through indiscriminate suicide bomb attacks and kidnapping. Source E: A comment made by a senior Nigerian military official, in a statement sent to Human Rights Watch in 2012. The Human Right Watch is an NGO that deals with human rights issues. The accusations of the JTF abusing their powers are completely false, baseless and a fabrication aimed at tarnishing the image of the JTF . While we used violence against the terrorists, o ur personnel do not engage in unmindful violence ; they would rather allow terrorists escape when in pursuit than to carry out acts that are likely to endanger innocent lives. In other words, deployed personnel of the military have neither been involved in deliberate killing or torture of the innocents. Alleged terrorists w ho are arrested, are duly processed and handed over to the police or other relevant prosecutorial agencies for prosecution in civil courts. Anytime there is an allegation, the commander has a team that goes out and investigates. When they conclude the investigation, if there is any need to prosecute somebody, then a military police team is set up to investigate…. We will also set up an independent committee to make sure they are not covering up anything. Source F: Speech by Zulum, Governor of Borno, during the President of Nigeria’s visit, 2020. Borno is the second largest state in Nigeria. I am surprised that Nigerians have so quickly forgotten the past; some have tried to compare the situation in Borno now with what it was prior to 2015 when all the major roads leading to Borno were closed except one. There were also sporadic killings and attacks even here in the city area and about 20 local government areas of Borno were displaced. By the year 2016 and 2017, we have recovered most of the displaced local government areas and almost celebrated the demise of the Boko Haram insurgency. But from March 2019, we have started recording simultaneous attacks and increased activities of the terrorist group which have resulted in the loss of lives of our people. We are calling on the Nigerian mil