GESS 2025 SS Issue 3 Summary Notes (Chap 10 & 11)

GAN ENG SENG SCHOOL Humanities Department – Social Studies “To nurture knowledgeable and committed citizens with a global outlook and skills for the future” Name: ____________________ ( ) Class: _______ Date: _______ Social Studies Issue 3 Chapters 10 & 11 Summary Notes Note: These summary notes contain samples of how you can provide Examples and Explanations for a Structured Response Question. These notes are meant to supplement studying of the Social Studies Coursebook.

Issue 3: Being Part of a Globalised World Guiding Questions Core Content 11. How can we respond to the cultural impacts of globalisation? • Cultural impacts of globalisation o Ethnic culture vs Popular culture o Spread of culture vs Dilution of culture • Responses to cultural impacts of globalisation o Acceptance vs rejection by government o Acceptance vs rejection by individuals 12. How can we respond to the security impacts of globalisation? • Security impacts of globalisation o Transnational terrorism o Cyber threats • Responses to security impacts of globalisation o Vigilance by individuals o Security measures by governments within countries o Cooperation among countries

3 Summary Notes for Chapter 10: What are the Cultural Impacts of Globalisation? POINT Positive Cultural Impacts Of Globalisation Negative Cultural Impacts Of Globalisation Variety of Food Cultures Growth of New Cultures Loss of Traditions Growing Generation Gaps EXAMPLE Spread of fast-food culture • Singapore is well known for being a place that accepts and hosts multiple cultures around the world. • Due to rapid globalisation, American fast food chains were set up in Singapore • McDonalds, KFC, Burger King, Subway. These outlets focus on affordability of their Western cuisines. Spread of other culture’s cuisines • Soon after, other franchises from other cultures began opening up, Genki Sushi from Japan, Mala hotpot from China, Thai restaurants, even Russian or Turkish Kebab. Kung Fu Panda • Kung Fu Panda is an example of two cultures mixing to form one. It is a Hollywood cartoon which shows the adventures of an English-speaking panda that learns Chinese kungfu. • It is a very popular series that spawned other products like games, toys, and snacks. With globalisation, it is easy for foreign and local cultures to blend together Loss of tradition • Influx of foreign culture has led to a decline in the interest and practicing of cultural festivals and practices. • While festivals like Chinese New Year, Hari Raya and Deepavali are still celebrated, many youths consider their rituals unimportant and insignificant, partly due to the culture of individualism and liberalism permeating younger generations. • UNESCO has reported that over 40 cultural heritage practices are in danger of disappearing. • As younger generations grow up under new cultures brought in by globalisation, they may find it difficult to relate to older generations. • Older generations may be overly critical of new movements or cultures, creating tension or condescending views from one view to the other. • Several terms have already been used in insulting or derogatory ways, such as “boomer”, “zoomer” “TikTok Generation”, “Strawberry generation”. EXPLAIN (SAMPLE) • Efficiency: Because of the fast- food culture, it has led to many innovative ideas and ways of getting food quickly and efficiently, such as Wok Hey, being birthed in Singapore. • Variety: Because of the wide variety of cultures and cuisines available in Singapore, it is now considered a food hub by many around the world, even leading to an urban hawker set up in New York. • Link: Without globalisation and the spread of culture, this variety of food would’ve stayed within the Asian context. • Popular culture: Fusion of Hollywood movies with Chinese culture makes kungfu and pandas more popular with global audiences while making Hollywood movies more popular in China. • Common Ground: This allows cultures and friendliness to spread across different nations regardless of political ties between the governing bodies of these nations. • Dilution and accommodation: Many customs and practices have been diluted or modified to accommodate modern lifestyles and preferences. • Lower participation: Younger generations are also less inclined to participate in traditional festivities. Link: This shift away from traditional festivals and cultural practices represents a loss of cultural heritage and identity in Singapore. • With the growing divide between both groups, this may lead to families growing more apart as each group feels misunderstood by each other. The rate and pace at which new trends and cultures, even lingo, is currently at an alarming rate, such that even Oxford Dictionary ha reported a higher influx of new words being suggested to be added, such as “cap”, “slay” etc. These terms alienate those who can’t keep up, leading to loss in unity and deep connections across generations.

4 Summary Notes for Chapter 10: How can We Respond to the Cultural Impacts of Globalisation? POINT Government Response Individual Response EXAMPLE Singapore: Rejecting threats to harmony • Rejecting a concert that threatens religious harmony • In 2019, the Infocomm Media Development Authority (IMDA) cancelled a concert by an overseas band that promoted religiously offensive music, violence, and hate speech. Singapore: Accepting and encouraging popular culture • In a positive contrast however, Singapore utilised a deal with Taylor Swift in 2024 to Singapore, resulting in a buzz around Asia that led to several people of different nations coming to Singapore, and several influencers (such as Taylor Swift’s boyfriend) giving a review of what Singapore is like. Such a move resulted in a boost in Singapore’s reputation and tourism trade. China: Film distribution and censorship • In China, authorities heavily control and censor films from other countries. They limit foreign movies and control release dates. Films are only distributed through Chinese state-owned cinema businesses, ensuring that profits go only to Chinese cinemas and not global ones. • China’s satellites also block several websites like Facebook, YouTube Google and Instagram, ensuring that citizens use their own versions of the app. This has been dubbed “The Great Firewall of China” France: Supporting local culture. • In France, 1993-1994, the government issued a rule that required 40% of TV programmes and music to be in the French language. \ • This was later protested by citizens and radio stations against the government in 2016. They began protesting and requesting for more English song and TV shows to be featured, lowering the requirement of French media to 35% instead. • However, this has led to a double edged sword effect. Citizens now enjoy a wider choice of English media, but French artistes and film directors suffer profit losses. • Spotify has made it accessible for people to stream music of their choice, regardless of radio channels. This resulted in a large drop in popularity and preference for French music and culture. French artistes then began producing more songs in English to enter the global market. America: Rejecting unethical practices • America has also been known to advocate and speak up for ethical means regarding climate change and working ethics. • In climate change, many westerners advocate for sustainable diets that reduce the consumption of beef, which causes the release of greenhouse gases. Many westerners also oppose sweatshops and unethical labour in developing countries that produce fast fashion. EXPLAIN (SAMPLE) How this helps in responding to cultural impacts of globa