2025 NHHS Elective Geog Prelim MS

NAN HUA HIGH SCHOOL PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION 2025HUMANITIES 2260/02 August 2025 Paper 2 Geography MARK SCHEME This document consists of 14 printed pages

Section A1.Geography in Everyday Lifea(i)AO2Study Fig. 1.1 (Insert), which shows a photograph of Bidadari Park in Singapore.Using Fig. 1.1, explain how residents living nearby can benefit from the regulating ecosystem services provided by Bidadari Park. [2]Award 1 mark for each explanation of how residents living nearby can benefit from the regulating ecosystem services provided by Bidadari Park.Award a maximum of 1 additional mark for further development of eachexplanation●The park can provide regulating ecosystem services as the trees in the park will photosynthesise, in the process taking pollutants from the atmosphere, thus allowing the nearby residents to breathe in air of higher quality [1]●The trees in the park can provide shade for the people using the park, which can lower the surrounding temperatures and increase the comfort level of the residents. [1]Accept other plausible answers: Eg. trees photosynthesise, taking in carbon dioxide and giving out oxygen (regulating), vegetation cover → prevent erosion, ensuring water quality.a(ii)AO1Describe how human activities can bring benefits to green spaces such as parks. [2]Award 1 mark for each description on how green spaces can benefit from human actions Award a maximum of 1 additional mark for further development of eachexplanation. ●Humans can organise/ participate in events such as litter picking events to reduce the amount of waste in the park [1]●Humans can help raise awareness of the importance of keeping parks clean, so others can also do their part to protect parks [1]Accept other plausible answers. b(i)AO2Study Fig. 1.2 (Insert), which shows a photo of Choa Chu Kang Central in Singapore.Using Fig. 1.2, explain how the facilities in Choa Chu Kang Central can bring about economic sustainability in the neighbourhood. [3]Award 1 mark for each explanation of how the facilities in CCK Central can bring about economic sustainabilityAward a maximum of 1 additional mark for further development of eachexplanation●CCK Central has an MRT and LRT station, which allows residents to travel around the neighbourhood/ Singapore conveniently easily, lowering their transport expenses [1]●CCK Central has Lot One Shopping mall, which has many shops that can

employ the residents living in CCK area, allowing them to earn an income and raise their standard of living [1]●Transport infrastructure is kept close to one another, such as the CCK MRT and LRT systems. This lowers the cost of building connecting infrastructures such as roads/sheltered walkways [1]Accept other plausible answers: Eg. shops in Lot One getting business from local residents; homes located near transport systems, allowing people to walk home thus lowering transport expensesb(ii)AO1Describe one way in which buildings in urban neighbourhoods can be designed to be environmentally sustainable [1]Award 1 mark for describing how buildings in urban neighbourhoods can be designed to be environmentally sustainable ●Cooling paint can be used on buildings, which can lower temperature and reduce energy consumption [1] OR●Water harvested from rain can be used for washing the buildings or for flushing the toilet [1]cSome students from Gao Zhong High School wanted to conduct an investigation to find out if the number of activities organised by the neighbourhood Community Centre (CC) helps to strengthen the relationships among the local residents. Over the course of one month, they walked around different precincts to conduct interviews from 8am to 9am every weekend. They approached a total of 200 participants using the simple random sampling method. The participants were asked to fill in a simple questionnaire shown in Fig. 1.3 (Insert).(i)AO1Suggest a suitable hypothesis for their geographical investigation. [1]Award 1 mark for stating a plausible hypothesis. ●The higher the participation in CC activities, the stronger the relationship between residents. [1]Accept other plausible hypotheses(ii)AO3Evaluate the data collection process used in the investigation. [3]Award 1m for each description of the strengths of the data collection process, up to a maximum of 2 marksAward 1m for each description of the limitations of the data collection process, up to a maximum of 2 marksStrengths●The data is reliable as students collected their data over the course of one month, which allows them to get data from different people on different days of the month [1]●The students visited different precincts to collect their data, which allows them to get data that is representative of the neighbourhood [1]

●There were 200 respondents, which allows students to collect data from a large sample, allowing the data to be more representative of the residents in the neighbourhood [1]●The students used simple random sampling method, which removes researcher bias [1]Limitations●The students only collected data on weekends, so they did not have the responses of people who could be around precinct on weekdays, thus making their data unreliable [1]●The students only collected data from 8-9am on weekends, which might be too early, and many people might not be awake. ●The questionnaire only had 2 questions/ close ended questions, which does not fully capture the sentiments of the residentsAccept other plausible answers(iii)AO1Describe the potential risks faced by the students during the data collection process. [2]Award 1m for each description of the risks involved with the data collection process. ●As students are walking around the precincts, the sun might be too hot and could lead to heat injuries [1]●Students walking around pavements or the roads of the housing estates might be exposed to traffic hazards [1]Accept other plausible answers [Total: 14m]2.Tourism a(i)AO2Study Fig. 2.1 (Insert), which shows the numbers of travellers in Spain between 1999 and 2022. Using Fig. 2.1, describe the trend of the travellers in Spain between 1999 to 2022. [3]Award 1 mark for each valid description of the trends in travellers in Spain from 1999 to 2022, with data from the figure. ●The overall number of travellers increased from 68 million in 1999 to 132 million in 2022 [1]●The lowest number of travellers to Spain was in 2020, with 44 million travellers [1]●National travellers were generally higher than international travellers from 1999 to 2022, except for the years 2017 to 2019, where national and international travellers were almost equal/ international travellers were slightly higher than national travellers [1]a(ii)AO2With reference to Fig. 2.1, explain how the trend of travellers in Spain could have been affected by global events. [2]

Award 1 mark for explaining how global events could have an impact on travellers in Spain, up to a maximum of 2 marksAward 1 additional mark for further development of the explanation●Global events such as a pandemic could affect tourists’ motivation to travel as they might fear for their safety when travelling to Spain [1]●Governments might also issue travel advisories to dissuade or disallow global travel, which could have led to the significant drop of travellers in 2020 during a pandemic [1]Other accepted answers: COVID-19 leading to global economic downturn (2020), or Global Financial Crisis (2009), warsb(i)AO1Study Fig. 2.2 (Insert), which shows how locals in some countries have responded to the issue of overtourism in their country.With reference to Fig. 2.2, explain how tourists and locals can mutually affect each other. [2]Award 1m for each explanation of how the behaviour of tourists can impact localsAward 1m for each explanation of how the behaviour of locals can impact touristsAward up to 1 additional mark for further development of each answer.●When tourists travel to other countries, they might exhibit inconsiderate behaviour such