NUSH CM1131, CM2131 and CM3131 Notes

CM1131, CM2131, CM3131 Notes Full Foundations in Chemistry I - III Series This is a compilation of questions and notes given in the Foundations in Chemistry Courses. Made by LQ, Joel and edited by many wonderful people (yey ty all) Links of All LQ Notes: LQ Notes Links Document Module Topic Page Intro Author’s Note and Introduction 3 CM1131 Topic 1: The Particulate Nature of Matter 5 Topic 2: Elements and the Periodic Table 8 Topic 3: Elements, Compounds and Mixtures 12 Topic 4: Separation and Purification of Substances 17 Topic 5: Atomic Structure 28 Topic 6: Structure and Bonding (Ionic) 37 Topic 7: Structure and Bonding (Simple Molecular) 43 Topic 8: Acids and Bases (I) 46 Topic 9: Solubility Rules 50 CM2131 Topic 10: Acids and Bases (II) 52 Topic 11: The Mole Concept 62 Topic 12: Chemical Calculations 70 Topic 13: Concentration of Solutions 76 Topic 14: Volumetric Analysis (Titration) 80 Topic 15: Salt Preparation 87 Topic 16: Structure and Bonding (Metallic) 94 Topic 17: Structure and Bonding (Giant Covalent) 101 Topic 18: Redox Reactions 106 ~ Page 1 of 293 ~

Topic 19: Reactivity Series of Metals 119 Topic 20: Qualitative Analysis (QA) 127 Topic 21: Speed of Reaction 139 CM3131 Topic 22: Chemical Bonding 153 Topic 23: Lewis Structure 159 Topic 24: Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) Theory 171 Topic 25: Formulae and Representations of Organic Compounds 182 Topic 26: Intermolecular Forces of Attraction (IMF) 190 Topic 27: Hydrocarbons 199 Topic 28: Air and Atmosphere 232 Topic 29: Organic Compounds Containing Oxygen 233 Topic 30: Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen 242 Topic 31: Chemical Energetics 255 Topic 32: Electrolysis 260 Topic 33: Extraction of Metals and Rust Prevention 269 Appendix Pause and Ponder Solutions 275 Sources and Credits 288 Thank You ! 293 ~ Page 2 of 293 ~

Author’s Note and Introduction These notes cover all important topics in CM1131 and CM2131. CM3131 notes are in progress. If you find any mistake, please drop LQ (or Joel, maybe) a note anywhere or just suggest it in this document (everyone has commenting rights). If a sentence has the tag [verify] , it means that it could be inaccurate. If you know how to improve on it, please do help out, any help is appreciated :D Everything that says “FYI”, including all sections labelled as “Extension”, are purely for additional reading, and is not tested (at that level). For Pause and Ponder , the answers can be found at the end of the notes, here. Please DO NOT share