VJC Chapter 26 Fundamentals of Computer Networks (Part 1)

VJC/H2Computing/9569 Chapter 26 Fundamentals of Computer Networks (Part 1) Content 1 Computer Network 2 Types of Computer Networks 2.1 Local Area Network 2.2 Metropolitan Area Network 2.3 Wide Area Network 2.4 Intranet 2.5 Internet 2.6 Intranet vs Internet 3 Network Hardware 4 Network Addresses 4.1 Media Access Control Address 4.2 Internet Protocol Address 4.3 MAC vs IPv4 vs IPv6 5 Domain Name Service 6 Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol Model 6.1 TCP/IP protocol suite 6.2 Transmission Control Protocol 6.3 Internet Protocol 6.4 Ethernet Protocol 6.5 Other protocols 7 Transmission mode 7.1 Circuit switching 7.2 Packet switching 7.2.1 Packet Header 7.2.2 Packet loss 7.2.3 Routing tables 7.3 Packet switching vs Circuit switching Annex – HTTP, FTP, SMTP, POP, IMAP References Syllabus Learning Outcomes 4.1 Fundamentals of Computer Networks Understand computer network technology 4.1.1 Explain the concepts of LAN, WAN, intranet, and the structure of the internet. 4.1.2 Understand the concepts of IP addressing and domain name server (DNS). 4.1.3 Explain the need for communication protocols in a network. 4.1.4 Explain how data is transmitted in a packet-switching network. 1

VJC/H2Computing/9569 1 Computer Network A computer network is a system of two or more computers that are connected together by a transmission medium for the exchange of data. 2 Types of Computer Networks Computer networks can be classified according to their geographical size, transmission medium and network organisation type. 2.1 Local Area Network A local area network (LAN) is a network of computing devices connected within a small geographical area, typically within the same building, such as a home, school, office or building. Due to the small number of connections supported and the close proximity of the devices, LANs typically provide faster data transfer than the other networks. Devices on a LAN can easily share resources like printers, files, and applications. A WLAN is the wireless version of a LAN. 2.2 Metropolitan Area Network A metropolitan area network (MAN) is a network of computing devices covering a larger geographical area (two or more buildings within the same town or city) than a LAN. A MAN is typically owned and operated by a large organisation such as a cities, business or government body. 2

VJC/H2Computing/9569 2.3 Wide Area Network A wide area network (WAN) is a network of computing devices covering a large-scale geographica