Bio TYS Ecology and Environment Ans

Havingalargeproportionoffishesintheseathatare40cm andlongerindicatesthatyoungfishesareabletosurvive, growandreproduceinthesea, therebyindicating thatourfishesarenotbeingoverfished,and fishstocksaresufficient-

Pisrespiration. Plantsandanimalsrespire,releasingcarbondioxide intotheatmosphere. Siscombustion- Combustionoffossilfuels releasescarbondioxideintotheatmosphere. PandShence ensuresacontinuoussupplyofcarbondioxideforplantstocarry outphotosynthesis,Q,whichconvertslightenergyintochemical energy,food,whichnon- photosyntheticorganismsusetostayalive. 2alsoremovescarbondioxidefromtheatmosphere,reducingtherateofglobalwarming. Bacteriaandfungiaredecomposers. Theybreakdowndead organicmatterandreleasecarbondioxidebackintothe atmospheretobeusedagainbygreenplants. Thisallows carbontobecontinuallyrecycled.

4 3 3 2 2 2 I *answershouldprovidecontext Thefoodwebalwaysstartswithaproducer,inthiscasethebananaplant,which makesitsownfood. byphotosynthesis,convertinglightenergytochemicalenergy.

*countthenumberof organisms,notspecies. ÷ 4 Trophic3level 1¥",,,,, § ,,,,, numberoforganisms

Bioaccumulationistheaccumulationofharmfulchemicalsinanorganism overtime,astheorganismconsumes. foodcontainingtheseharmfulchemicals. Inthisexample,bioaccumulationoccursintheplanktonthattakeup mercuryfromtheocean-water,aswellasforthesmallfishes thatfeedontheplanktons,astheplanktonsarenotableto excretethem. /Bioamplification

Acarbonsinkisanareathatstorescarboncompoundsfor anindefiniteperiod. Ithelpstoremovecarbondioxidefrom theatmosphere,reducingtherateofglobalwarming. Examplesareforestsandoceans. Respiration changinglanduseandagricultureremoved19gigatonsand released18gigatonsofcarbonperyear,resultinginanetIgigatonofcarbonremovedfromtheatmosphereperyear. 119t18+88+6-120-19-90=2+2gigatons *Indicateincreasebyusingthetermoradding' t' beforevalue