SASS Bio Reproduction in Plants Notes

6093 Biology (2022) Chapter 17 Reproduction in Plants SASS_CT ST ANDREW’S SECONDARY SCHOOL Secondary 4 Biology (6093) Chapters 17: Reproduction in Plants Name: _______________________ ( ) Class: _________ Date: _____________ 12. REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS Content • Asexual Reproduction • Sexual Reproduction in Plants Learning Outcomes Candidates should be able to: (a) define asexual reproduction as the process resulting in the production of genetically identical offspring from one parent (b) define sexual reproduction as the process involving the fusion of nuclei to form a zygote and the production of genetically dissimilar offspring (c) identify and draw, using a hand lens if necessary, the sepals, petals, stamens and carpels of one, locally available, named, insect-pollinated, dicotyledonous flower, and examine the pollen grains using a microscope (d) state the functions of the sepals, petals, anthers and carpels (e) use a hand lens to identify and describe the stamens and stigmas of one, locally available, named, wind- pollinated flower, and examine the pollen grains using a microscope (f) outline the process of pollination and distinguish between self-pollination and cross-pollination (g) compare, using fresh specimens, an insect-pollinated and a wind-pollinated flower (h) describe the growth of the pollen tube and its entry into the ovule followed by fertilisation (production of endosperm and details of development are not required) Use the knowledge gained in this section in new situations or to solve related problems. 1

6093 Biology (2022) Chapter 17 Reproduction in Plants SASS_CT 17.1 Reproduction Reproduction is the process of producing of new organisms. Asexual reproduction produces genetically identical offspring from one parent by mitosis. Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of gametes to form a zygote producing genetically dissimilar offspring (since gametes are obtained through the process of meiosis), typically involving two parents. Sexual Asexual No. of parents involved Typically involving 2 parent(s)* 1 parent involved Offspring genetics Offspring are genetically dissimilar from parents Offspring are genetically identical to parents No. of offspring produced Less offspring produced in a given time More offspring produced in a given time Adapting to environmental changes Species more likely to be able to adapt to changes in the environment Species less likely to be able to adapt to changes in the environment 17.2 Parts of a Flower Part of Description petal receptacle pedicel sepal ovule ovary filament style anther stigma 2

6093 Biology (2022) Chapter 17 Reproduction in Plants SASS_CT flower Sepal A modified leaf that enclose and protect the other parts of the flower in the bud stage. All the sepals together make up the calyx. Petal A modified leaf that forms the most obvious part of the flower. All the petals together make up the corolla. In insect-p