AHS 2025 GEOG(E) MS Prelim

ANGLICAN HIGH SCHOOL SECONDARY 4 PRELIMINARY EXAMINATIONS 2025 HUMANITIES Paper 2 Geography MARKING GUIDE FOR TEACHERS 2260/02 21 August 2025 MAXIMUM MARK: 50 This document consists of 9 printed pages. Page 1 of 10

Question Answer Marks 1(a) Study Fig. 1.1 (Insert), which shows the Petronas Twin Towers illuminated in the colours of the Malaysian flag during Merdeka (Independence) Day celebrations, and Fig. 1.2, an excerpt about the towers. With reference to Fig. 1.1 and 1.2, explain how the locals might acquire a sense of place at this landmark over time. Award 1 mark for each suggested reason explaining how locals might acquire a sense of place at the Petronas Twin Towers over time, to a maximum of 3 marks. Award a maximum of 1 additional mark for further development of each reason, where applicable. Possible responses include: • Repeated encounters with the Petronas Twin Towers, such as passing by during daily commutes or visiting with family, help people recall the features of the place and form personal memories linked to it. [1 mark] • The towers are highly visible due to their great height and unique design, making them easy for most locals to remember. [1 mark] • The towers also serve a symbolic purpose, representing Malaysia’s progress and national pride, which can create a sense of belonging and identity among the local community. [1 mark] • Locals may also develop an attachment / positive memory to the towers through interactions with others there, such as attending festivals, watching fireworks, or gathering with friends at the surrounding park or mall. [1 mark] AO2 3 1(b)(i)(ii) Read the statements below. For each one, identify the type of ecosystem service being described. ‘Mangroves provide fish, crabs, and other seafood that support local livelihoods.’ [1] ‘Mangroves help keep nearby water bodies clean by trapping dirt and filtering out harmful substances.’ [1] Award 1 mark for correctly identifying the type of ecosystem service. (i) Provisioning ecosystem. [1 mark] (ii) Regulating ecosystem. [1 mark] AO1 2 Page 2 of 10

Question Answer Marks 1(c) Study Fig. 1.2, which shows a poster by Tampines Central Community Emergency & Engagement Committee (C2E) and the Singapore Civil Defence Force encouraging residents to sign up for the Responder Plus Programme (RPP). Using Fig. 1.2, explain how the Responder Plus Programme (RPP) strengthens the community’s resilience to emergencies in urban neighbourhoods. Award 1 mark per explanation of how the strategy strengthens the community’s ability to resist, adapt, or recover, up to 2 marks. Award 1 additional mark for further development using a specific example or detail from Fig. 1.2 (e.g. mention of firefighting, CPR + AED, or First Aid training). Possible responses include: • Community resilience is developed when residents are able to organise themselves and equip themselves with resources to resist, adapt and recover from a disaster. [1 mark] For example, the Responder Plus Programme (RPP) helps residents respond to emergencies by equipping them with essential life-saving skills such as basic firefighting and evacuation procedures, CPR, AED use, and first-aid, (any 1) so they can take immediate action before emergency services arrive. [1 additional mark] • It strengthens the community’s ability to adapt by encouraging residents to organise themselves through local training and engagement. [1 mark] such as these programmes conducted by C2E in Tampines Central and SCDF. [1 additional mark] • When residents actively participate in projects to minimise potential hazards in the neighbourhood, they can better understand the risks and adaptation options to communicate to the planners and government. [1 mark] AO2 3 Page 3 of 10

Question Answer Marks 1(d)(i) A group of students were investigating the appeal of attractions in Rainforest Wild Asia, a newly opened zone in the Singapore Zoo. They proposed the following hypothesis for their investigation: “Activities in Rainforest Wild Asia are rated positively by visitors.” To test this hypothesis, they surveyed 100 visitors and asked them to rate their experience at each attraction. The results are shown in Fig. 1.3. Using Fig. 1.3, evaluate the validity of the students’ hypothesis. Award 1 mark for each evaluation of the validity of the students’ hypothesis, to a maximum of 3 marks. Award a maximum of 1 additional mark for further development using specific data from Fig. 1.3. Possible responses include: • The hypothesis is valid to a large extent because most of the activities received high positive ratings (Excellent and Above Average). / 4 out 5 [1 mark] For example, Q1, walking through the shaded forest trails had 91% positive responses, showing strong visitor satisfaction. [1 additional mark] • The hypothesis is not fully valid because one activity, the rope bridge canopy walk which received mostly negative responses. [1 mark] It had 45% positive ratings and a much higher 55% rated it as Below Average or Extremely Poor, which does not agree with the hypothesis. [1 additional mark] AO3 4 1(d)(ii) The students surveyed the first 100 visitors who exited Rainforest Wild Asia between 12:00 p.m. and 2:00 p.m. on a Saturday. Evaluate the reliability of this sampling method for investigating the appeal of the activities in Rainforest Wild Asia. Award 1 mark for each evaluation point on the reliability of the sampling method to a maximum of 3 marks. Possible responses include: Reliable: • The method is quick and convenient, allowing students to gather responses efficiently within a limited time. [1 mark] Not reliable: • The reliability of the data may be limited, as only visitors from a 2-hour window on one day were surveyed, which may not reflect the views of visitors at other times or on weekdays. [1 mark] • Bias selection: The sample may not be representative of all visitors, especially those who spend more time in the park and exit later in the day. [1 mark] AO3 2 Page 4 of 10

Question Answer Marks 2(a) Using Fig. 2.1, describe the trend of tourist arrivals to Maldives from 2005 to 2011. Award 1 mark for each trend of tourist arrivals. Award a maximum of 1 additional mark for supporting evidence. Possible responses include: • Maldives tourist arrivals is increasing from 2005 to 2011 [1 mark] by 500000. [1 additional mark] • However, one oddity is from 2008 to 2009, where tourist arrivals decreased [1 mark] by 40000. [1 additional mark] AO2 3 2(b) Explain how an economic downturn can result in a sudden fall of tourist numbers. Award 1 mark for each explanation on how economic downtown can result in a sudden fall of tourist numbers, to a maximum of 3 marks. Award a maximum of 1 additional mark for furt