SNGS 2025 GEOG(E) MS Prelim

This document consists of 5 printed pages, 1 blank page and 1 insert. [Turn over Name: _________________________ ( ) Class: _____________ PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION GENERAL CERTIFICATE OF EDUCATION ORDINARY LEVEL ANSWER KEY HUMANITIES 2260/02 Paper 2 Geography ?? August 2025 1 hour 45 minutes Candidates answer on the Question Paper Additional materials: 1 Insert __________________________________________________________________________________ READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your name, register number, and class on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen. You may use a HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs. Do not use highlighters, glue, correction fluid or correction tape. Answer three questions in total. Section A Answer Question 1 and Question 2. Section B Answer either Question 3 or Question 4. The Insert contains additional resources referred to in the questions. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. _____________________________________________________________________________

2 Section A Answer Question 1 and Question 2. 1 Cluster 1: Geography in Everyday Life (a) Describe how a sense of place can be developed. [3] - A sense of place can be developed when there is repeated encounter with objects and people as this can help us recall the character and features of places that we come across and create meaning and memories for them. [1] - A sense of place can also be developed when there are significant or memorable events that occur at local landmarks and gathering places. [1] The landmarks also serve symbolic or historical purposes which might be easy for people to remember and associate with their experiences. [1] Candidates are expected to describe some ways that people can develop a sense of place. Award 1m for any description. Accept all plausible answers. (b) Explain how traffic and air pollution hazard can negatively affect people living in urban neighbourhoods. [3]  Traffic hazards can lead to health impacts such as serious injuries when involve in traffic accidents, which may also lead to the loss of life. [1]  Air pollution hazards may result in negative health impacts as well, such as respiratory infections, heart diseases and lung cancer. [1] Additionally, smaller pollutions such as PM2.5 can also lead to lung function decline and higher risk of asthma in children. [1] Candidates are expected to explain the impacts that traffic and air pollution hazards may bring. Capped at 2m if candidates only explain either traffic or air pollution hazard. Award 1m for any description. Accept all plausible answers. (c) Study Fig. 1.1 (Insert), which shows the Community First Responder mobile application used in Singapore. Fig. 1.1 (Insert)

3 With reference to Fig 1.1 and other materials you have studied, explain how community resilience can help build a sustainable neighbourhood. [3]  The Community First Responder App (in Fig. 1.1) and volunteers are important in supporting the government in search and rescue operations, relief work as well as educating the public on simple first aid and basic firefighting. [1]  When residents actively participate in these projects, it minimizes potential hazards in the neighbourhood as they can better understand the risks and adaption options since they live in the vicinity and communicate these to the authorities. [1]  Further, residents are encouraged to get to know their neighbours so that they can depend on one another in the event of an emergency. [1] Candidates are expected to explain how community resilience can help build a sustainable neighbourhood. Award 1m for any explanation. Accept all plausible answers. (d) A group of students are investigating if their neighbourhood is socially sustainable. The students collected data using a closed-ended questionnaire survey to collect the views of the residents. The results of the questions “How long have you stayed in the neighbourhood?” and “What is the average number of neighbourhood events have you attended in a year?” are plotted in the scatter graph in Fig. 1.2. Fig. 1.2 The students concluded that the longer the residents stay in the neighbourhood, the more social events they will attend. (i) Evaluate the validity of the students’ conclusion. [3]  The students’ conclusion is largely valid. [1]  This is because most of the data supports this conclusion as there is a positive relationship between the years in neighbourhood and the social events attended per year. For example, those with less than 5 years in the neighbourhood typically attend 5 or less events per year, while those with more than 15 years living in the neighbourhood attends 8 or more events a year. [1] 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 0 5 10 15 20 25 Social Events Attended per Year Years in Neighbourhood Social Events Attended by residents

4  However, there are anomalies as well since one respondent who stayed in the neighbourhood for 5 years attended 15 social events, while one respondent who stayed 15 years in the neighbourhood only attends 1 social event every year. [1] Candidates are expected to evaluate the data in the scatter graph. Award 1m for each description. Reserve 1m for students to provide a concluding statement about the validity. Capped at 2m if students do not cite the data from Fig.1.2. Accept all plausible answers. (ii) The students had decided that the best way to represent the average number of events attended by residents is using mode. Suggest reasons why students decided against using mean or median to represent the average number of events attended by residents. [2]  Using the mean would mean that it is subjected to the influence of outliers, which can skew the data. [1] In this case, it can be that there are some residents who are very active and attend tons of social events while most only take part modestly, thus the mean will not be able to show this.  Further, use the median will only consider the middle value – and this will result in having inaccurate results. [1] This can happen because it may not be reflective of the frequency of figure above and below the position of the median. Candidates are expected to describe some limitations of using mean and median. Candidates would do well to link it to the context of the question. Accept all plausible answers. [Total: 14] 2 Cluster 2: Tourism (a) Fig. 2.1 shows a travel journalist’s take on Dubai, UAE as a tourist destination. Fig. 2.1 Using Fig. 2.1, suggest why the travel journalist is likely a dependable-type tourist. [2] Award 1m for each plausible reason. Answers cannot just quote from the source – it must connect to an aspect of the dependable personality type in order to be considered as an explanation - This is her tenth trip to Dubai – dependables enjoy predictability so she is likely to return to the same tourist destination [1] “When I tell people that I’m going on my tenth trip to Dubai, they look at me in confusion. It is a city that has become famed for its beach clubs, impressive skyline and every kind of luxury experience you can find. But there’s so much more to Dubai than what you see on Instagram! Dubai also has stunning natural beauty like the mountainous Hatta and deserts that surround the city. I have also never felt safer here!”

5 - Dubai is Instagram famous – dependables enjoy visiting popular tourist destinations and tend to