8881 GP Specimen Paper Answers (JPJC)

2024 WA1 P2 – Personal Data 2026 WA1 Paper 2 Answer Scheme From Passage 1 1. In paragraph 2, the author states that ant colonies exhibit the behaviours of ‘decentralised, self-organised systems’. Give two examples of how the author supports this claim. [2] From the passage Paraphrased The agents in these systems interact randomly and their interactions contribute to the emergence of ‘intelligent’ communal behaviour. (lines 6-7) There is no single decision-maker : (lines 9-10) each ant adjusts its behaviour based on countless interactions with others in its community. (lines 10-11) a) The author describes how there is no set/ fixed plan in the ants’ behaviour OR the ants’ behaviour is spontaneous/ unpredictable/ aimless . b) There is no one ant in control of the colony/ that issues commands to the others. (allow lift of ‘no’) c) Each ant corrects/ changes/ amends its actions as a result of communication with other ants. Any 2 = 2m 2. Using paragraph 3, identify two ways in which humans are smarter in groups than individually. [2] From the passage Paraphrased Each of us has a massive internalised database of information (lines 14-15) Reach optimised decisions, prioritisations, and forecasts (line 19) In significantly less time (line 20) Working together… a) creates a huge conglomerated amount of knowledge greater than the amount of knowledge one individual has. b) and they attain higher quality/ better results/make the best choices than individuals. c) groups reach solutions much faster/ more quickly compared to individuals. Note: The answer scheme given by SEAB for this specimen paper does not require one-to-one comparison, however, for teaching purposes, students need to include comparative terms like ‘greater’, ‘higher’ and ‘faster’ and do the comparison more explicitly. Any 2 = 2m 3. Explain the author’s use of the phrase ‘Human swarming’ (line 18). [1] Paraphrased The author uses it to describe people/ individuals/ men and women working together as one , behaving in the same way as insects/ animals do . 1

2024 WA1 P2 – Personal Data Both words “Human” and “swarming” need to be addressed to gain 1m. 2

2024 WA1 P2 – Personal Data 4. In paragraph 4, how is ‘the power of connection’ utilised by humans? [3] From the passage Paraphrased Continuously receiving information and broadcasting…data (line 25) instantly and automatically, many passengers will use their phone to communicate their situation to others (lines30-31) while their phones will send data signals tracking their location (lines 31-32) Warn others about the incident, providing real-time updates … (lines 33-34) Swarm intelligence used to benefit everyone (line36) Humans use a) Two-way communication constantly b) to share information about what they are going through immediately . c) This sharing of their whereabouts is done spontaneously/unconsciously/ without one knowing . d) (Humans) alert other people/ users to live/ on-going issues/ problems/ emergencies/ situations . e) The groups’ information is helpful to all users/ improve lives. Any 3 = 3m 5. In what three ways is the final sentence (lines 42 – 43) an effective conclusion to the author’s argument as set out in paragraph 1? [3] From the passage Inferred (We) So, if we are looking for a role model in a world of chaos and uncertainty, we could certainly do worse than to copy the humble ant. (line 42-43) So, if we are looking for a role model in a world of chaos and uncertainty, we could certainly do worse than to copy the humble ant. (Looking for a role model Providing insights that can help) So, if we are looking for a role model in a world of chaos and uncertainty , we could certainly do worse than to copy the humble ant. (Chaos and uncertainty Epidemics) A single ant or bee isn’t smart, but their colonies are. (line 1) ( Humble ant

Single ant) a) The author uses ‘we’ to [function/technique] connect with the reader/ to make the message more personal/ persuasive [context] about how we should work together like the ants. b) It [function/technique] provides a suggestion [context] of the ants to imitate which might be a new perspective/ knowledge OR [function/technique] Provides a call to action [context] to work together like the ants in this volatile world. c) [function/technique] Relates back to the examples in the introduction [context] such as complex management systems (note: see examples in the text). d) The author [function/technique] provides thematic unity through referring back to the opening sentence/ gives a sense of completion to the passage [context] by resolving the ant theme/ showing how a small, insignificant insect can teach us a valuable lesson. Any 3 = 3m 3

2024 WA1 P2 – Personal Data From Passage 2 6. Summarise how companies exploit personal data for monetary gain. Write your summary in no more than 120 words. Pt Lifted Paraphrased From paragraph 1: 1 Unquenchable thirst to share (line 1) Humans willingly volunteer/ offer up personal data/ information for companies to exploit… 2 Over a billion people now regularly use them (line 4) …they do this in huge numbers , providing massive amounts of data that are peddled. From paragraph 2: 3 Although users may be aware that apps collect information (line 6) (About location, demographics, behaviour and habits): Apps that are used gather lots of personal data/ information which can be sold. 4 …they are usually ignorant as to how it will be employed or who has access to it (lines 7-8) Users are unaware/ apathetic about the way in which their details are being used/ manipulated and the identity of buyers. 5 This lack of transparency (line 8) A lack of clarity/ honesty in the terms of service 6 …is worsened by the fact that the terms of service on many social media sites run to the tens of thousands of words and are not written for the general public’s consumption (lines 8-10) which are extremely lengthy and phrased in ways that are hard to understand. 7 Most sites have such broad licensing terms, (line 10) Licensing terms are so wide/ vague/ general that they cover all kinds of circumstances to favour the companies’ own purposes. 8 allowing the host company free use of our personal material while still paying lip service to our ‘ownership’ of it. (lines 11-12) Content only nominally belongs to users// companies pretend to/ do not really support/ respect users’ rights of ownership. 9 You would be none the wiser, and receive no remuneration , while the website would pocket license fees for using your material. (lines 14-15) User content is used for monetary gain by the company// users are not paid even though their personal data is sold. 10 Would users disclose their lives so freely if they knew that their creative output could be used Data is monetised when