NCHS 2024 Prelim Ans (P1/P2)
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Text from the first pages1 N A N C H I A U H I G H S C H O O L S e c 4 E x p r e s s P h y s i c s S o l u t i o n 2 0 2 4 P r e l i m i n a r y E x a m i n a t i o n P a p e r 1 ( 4 0 m a r k s ) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 C B A D B C C B C D 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 6 1 7 1 8 1 9 2 0 D B A D D B D D A C 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6 2 7 2 8 2 9 3 0 D B D C C D C C C B 3 1 3 2 3 3 3 4 3 5 3 6 3 7 3 8 3 9 4 0 C D C C B A A C C B P a p e r 2 S e c t i o n A ( 7 0 m a r k s ) Q u e s t i o n A n s w e r R e m a r k s 1 a 8 . 0 N 6 . 0 N 1 0 N A p p r o p r i a t e s c a l e g i v e n [ 1 ] W ( o r 6 . 0 N ) a n d T ( o r 8 . 0 N ) l a b e l l e d o n p e r p e n d i c u l a r f o r c e s , r e s u l t a n t f o r c e = ( 1 0 ± 1 . 0 ) N w i t h c o r r e c t a r r o w d i r e c t i o n s a n d S c a l e d i a g r a m i n c o r r e c t o r i e n t a t i o n . [ 1 ] D i r e c t i o n = 3 5 ° t o 4 0 ° f r o m T / Y / h o r i z o n t a l o r 5 0 ° t o 5 5 ° f r o m W / v e r t i c a l a n d c o r r e c t r e s u l t a n t . [ 1 ] n o m a r k f o r w r o n g c o n c e p t , f o r e x a m p l e M i n u s 1 m e a c h f o r n o a r r o w s , w r o n g a r r o w d i r e c t i o n s o r n o d o u b l e a r r o w s o n r e s u l t a n t f o r c e b 1 0 . 0 N o r e . c . f . f r o m ( a ) [ 1 ] T W
2 2 a i P a n d F a r e n o t a n a c t i o n - r e a c t i o n p a i r o f f o r c e s . [ 1 ] T h e m a g n i t u d e o f P a n d F a r e n o t e q u a l O R P a n d F a r e a c t i n g o n t h e s a m e b o d y O R P a n d F a r e n o t t h e s a m e t y p e o f f o r c e O R P a n d F a r e n o t f r o m t h e s a m e p o i n t . [ 1 ] R e j e c t : P a n d F a r e n o t t h e s a m e . B O D f o r “ n o r m a l ” r e a c t i o n / c o n t a c t f o r c e f r o m b o x t o m a n 2 m a r k i n g p o i n t s ; M a x 1 m a i i F o r c e b y b o x a c t i n g o n t h e m a n . [ 1 ] R e j e c t : n o r m a l r e a c t i o n f o r c e ; r e a c t i o n f o r c e ; w e i g h t . b F n e t = m a 1 5 0 – 7 5 = 2 0 x a [ 1 ] a = 7 5 / 2 0 = 3 . 8 m s - 2 ( 2 s . f . ) [ 1 ] 3 a S e c t i o n s 1 c o r r e c t = 1 m S e c t i o n s 2 c o r r e c t = 1 m S e c t i o n 3 c o r r e c t = 1 m ( m u s t h a v e c o r r e c t s h a p e o f d e c r e a s i n g d e c e l e r a t i o n ) b 𝑎 = 𝑣 − 𝑢 𝑡 = 3 . 7 − 0 3 . 0 = 1 . 2 m s - 2 ( 2 s . f . ) [ 1 ] A l l o w e . c . f f r o m ( a ) c D i s t a n c e = a r e a u n d e r g r a p h = ½ ( 3 . 0 x 3 . 7 ) [ 1 ] = 5 . 6 m ( 2 s . f . ) [ 1 ] A l l o w e . c . f f r o m ( a ) d T i m e i n t e r v a l = 3 . 0 s t o 5 . 0 s . [ 1 ] W h e n t h e f o r c e s a r e b a l a n c e d , a c c o r d i n g t o n e w t o n ’ s s e c o n d l a w , r e s u l t a n t f o r c e i s z e r o , t h e c l i m b e r w i l l m o v e w i t h z e r o a c c e l e r a t i o n / c o n s t a n t v e l o c i t y , [ 1 ] w h i c h i s t i m e b e t w e e n 3 . 0 s t o 5 . 0 s . 4 a S u m o f C l o c k w i s e m o m e n t = [ ( W x 0 . 4 5 ) + ( 1 9 X 1 . 3 ) + ( W x 1 . 8 5 ) ] N m S u m o f A n t i - c l o c k w i s e m o m e n t = ( 2 3 x 2 . 6 ) N m U s i n g P O M , T a k i n g m o m e n t s a b o u t A : 1 2 3
3 S u m o f C l o c k w i s e m o m e n t = S u m o f A n t i - c l o c k w i s e m o m e n t [ ( W x 0 . 4 5 ) + ( 1 9 X 1 . 3 ) + ( W x 1 . 8 5 ) ] = ( 2 3 x 2 . 6 ) [ 1 ] 0 . 4 5 W + 2 4 . 7 + 1 . 8 5 W = 5 9 . 8 2 . 3 W = 3 5 . 1 W = 1 5 N ( 2 s . f ) [ 1 ] b F n e t = 0 N S u m o f u p w a r d s f o r c e s = S u m o f d o w n w a r d s f o r c e s 2 3 + f o r c e = 1 9 + W + W [ 1 ] f o r c e = 1 9 - 2 3 + 2 ( 3 5 . 1 / 2 . 3 ) o r f o r c e = 1 9 - 2 3 + 2 ( 1 5 ) = 2 7 N ( 0 d . p . ) [ 1 ] = 2 6 N ( 0 d . p . ) [ 1 ] A l l o w e c f f r o m 4 a 5 a P = P a t m + h p g = 1 0 0 0 0 0 + ( 0 . 5 0 ) ( 1 3 6 0 0 ) ( 1 0 ) [ 1 ] = 1 6 8 0 0 0 P a = 1 6 8 k P a ( 0 d . p ) [ 1 ] m a x 1 m a r k i f s t u d e n t c o n v e r t a t m p r e s s u r e w r o n g l y . b T h e m e r c u r y l e v e l s i n b o t h e n d s w i l l r i s e . [ 1 ] T h e a t m o s p h e r i c p r e s s u r e a n d g a s p r e s s u r e r e m a i n t h e s a m e h e n c e t h e h e i g h t d i f f e r e n c e o f b o t h e n d s w i l l r e m a i n a t 5 0 c m . [ 1 ] 6 a g a i n i n g r a v i t a t i o n a l p o t e n t i a l s t o r e = m g h = 8 0 x 1 0 x 3 . 0 = 2 4 0 0 J = 2 . 4 x 1 0 3 J ( 2 s . f . ) [ 1 ] b B y P O C E : I n i t i a l g r a v i t a t i o n a l p o t e n t i a l s t o r e + I n i t i a l k i n e t i c s t o r e = F i n a l k i n e t i c s t o r e m g h + ½ m u 2 = ½ m v 2 2 4 0 0 + ½ ( 8 0 ) u 2 = ½ ( 8 0 ) ( 8 . 0 ) 2 [ 1 ] 4 0 u 2 = 2 5 6 0 – 2 4 0 0 = 1 6 0 u = √ 4 . 0 = 2 . 0 m s - 1 ( 2 s . f . ) [ 1 ] A l l o w e . c . f f r o m ( a ) c B o t h t h e k i n e t i c s t o r e a n d g r a v i t a t i o n a l p o t e n t i a l s t o r e o f t h e d i v e r a r e t r a n s f e r r e d m e c h a n i c a l l y a s w o r k d o n e o v e r a d i s t a n c e a g a i n s t w a t e r r e s i s t a n c e [ 1 ] a n d f i n a l l y t o t h e r m a l / i n t e r n a l s t o r e o f t h e w a t e r p a r t i c l e s . [ 1 ] 7 a i R
4 R a y c o r r e c t l y d r a w n f r o m Q t o R t o e y e a n d a n g l e r m a r k e d c o r r e c t l y [ 1 ] M i n u s 1 m f o r w r o n g / n o a r r o w l a b e l o n r a y l a b e l b o t h i , r c o r r e c t l y i n d i a g r a m [ 1 ] b n = s i n i ° / s i n r ° = s i n 7 2 ° / s i n 4 6 ° = 1 . 3 2 ( 3 s . f . ) [ 1 ] A c c e p t r a n g e o f 1 . 2 9 ( s i n 7 4 ° / s i n 4 8 ° ) t o 1 . 3 5 ( s i n 7 0 ° / s i n 4 4 ° ) c s i n c = 1 / n C r i t i c a l a n g l e , c = s i n - 1 ( 1 / n ) = s i n - 1 ( 1 / 1 . 3 2 2 1 ) = 4 9 . 1 ° ( 3 s . f . ) [ 1 ] 8 a i c o r r e c t l y d r a w n r a y s [ 1 ] c o r r e c t i m a g e l o c a t i o n [ 1 ] n o t e s t u d e n t n e e d t o d r a w 4 a r r o w s f o r r a y d i a g r a m t o i n d i c a t e d i r e c t i o n o f r a y b e f o r e a n d a f t e r e n t e r i n g t h e r a y . R e j e c t a ) i f i m a g e w i t h a d o w n w a r d a r r o w i s m i s s i n g . b ) i f i m a g e i s d o t t e d . c ) i f r a y i s d o t t e d . a i i R e a l , i n v e r t e d , d i m i n i s h e d [ A n y 2 o u t o f 3 p r o p e r t i e s : 1 m ] b N o t a c c u r a t e . [ 1 ] N o t a l l t h e d a t a s u p p o r t s t h e c o n c l u s i o n e g . W h e n d i s d o u b l e d f r o m d = 5 . 0 c m t o d = 1 0 c m , t h e m a g n i f i c a t i o n a t 1 0 c m ( 1 . 5 ) i s n o t d o u b l e d f r o m 1 . 2 , s h o u l d b e 2 . 4 i n s t e a d . [ 1 ] 9 a C o r r e c t s y m b o l a n d p o s i t i o n o f f u s e b e f o r e l a m p s [ 1 ] b W i r e Q . [ 1 ] I n t h e e v e n t o f a n e l e c t r i c a l f a u l t w h e r e t h e m e t a l c a s i n g b e c o m e s ‘ l i v e ’ , e x c e s s i v e c u r r e n t w i l l f l o w t h r o u g h t h e e a r t h w i r e t o e a r t h / g r o u n d i n s t e a d o f t h r o u g h t h e u s e r , t h u s p r e v e n t i n g t h e u s e r f r o m e x p e r i e n c i n g a n e l e c t r i c s h o c k . [ 1 ]
5 c E n e r g y u s e d i n a d a y = ( 5 0 / 1 0 0 0 x 2 x 3 . 0 ) + 2 . 5 x 0 . 4 0 = 1 . 3 k W h [ 1 ] O R 9 . 1 k W h i n 1 w e e k [ M 1 ] ‘ C o s t i n 1 w e e k = 1 . 3 x 7 x $ 0 . 3 0 = $ 2 . 7 3 ( 2 d . p . ) o r 2 7 3 c e n t s ( 0 d p ) [ 1 ] O R $ 0 . 3 9 [ M 1 ] O R $ 2 . 4 2 [ M 1 - o n e b u l b ] 1 0 a v = f λ f = 1 0 / 4 . 0 = 2 . 5 H z o r T = 0 . 4 0 s [ 1 ] v = ( 1 0 / 4 . 0 ) ( 6 0 ) = 1 5 0 c m s - 1 = 1 . 5 m s - 1 ( 2 s . f . ) [ 1 ] b f = 1 0 / 4 . 0 = 2 . 5 H z T = 1 / f = 1 / 2 . 5 = 0 . 4 0 s A f t e r 2 5 s , 2 5 / 0 . 4 0 = 6 2 . 5 p e r i o d l a t e r T h e r e f o r e , t h e n e w w a v e f o r m w i l l b e s a m e a s 0 . 5 p e r i o d l a t e r . O u t o f p h a s e w a v e f o r m s h a p e w i t h s a m e w a v e l e n g t h [ 1 ] s a m e a m p l i t u d e [ 1 ] 1 1 a 2 0 / 4 = 5 h a l f l i v e s [ 1 ] 1 2 0 0 - > 6 0 0 - > 3 0 0 - > 1 5 0 - > 7 5 - > 3 7 . 5 A f t e r 2 0 m i n , c o u n t r a t e = 3 7 . 5 o r 3 8 ( ( 2 s . f .
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