Ex01 Algebra Surds Indices Answer
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Text from the first pagesTopic: Algebraic manipulation, surds and indices (including exponential equations) Question 1 [2008 EOY, Q1] marks Express 1 32 2 in the form 2ab , where a and b are real numbers. Solution: 13 2 2 32 2 32 2 32 2 32 298 [2] Question 2 [2008 EOY, Q2] marks Evaluate 1.5 0.425 32 without a calculator, leaving your answer as a fraction in its simplest form. Solution: 1.5 0.4 3 2 125 32 5 2 500 [2] Question 3 [2009 EOY, Q2] marks Express 25 3 2 25 4 3 in the form 35ab c where a, b and c are rational numbers. Solution: 25 3 2 25 3 25 4 2 3 25 4 3 25 4 25 4 3 3 32 14 5 2 3 43 2783532 [3]
Question 4 [2010 EOY, Q1] marks (i) Simplify 3333 3(3 2 ) (9 6 4 ) . Solution: 33 3 333 3 3 3 3 3(3 2 ) (9 6 4 ) 2 7 1 8 1 2 1 8 1 2 8 [M1] 3327 8 [A1] 5 [2] (ii) A triangle has an area of (5 6 18) units2 and the length of its base is (2 3 3) unit. Find its height in the form (2 3 6 )abcd units, where a, b, c and d are integers. Solution: Height 56 1 8 2 23 3 units (10 6 36)(2 3 3) (2 3 3)(2 3 3) units 20 18 30 6 72 3 108 12 9 units 60 2 30 6 72 3 108 3 units 20 2 24 3 10 6 36 units [3] Question 5 [2010 EOY, Q2] marks Solve for x when 13 52322 xx . Solution: 13 5 2 3 3 52322 4 2 xx xx 46 1 22 0xx 13 4x However, 13 4x is rejected as 23x will be undefined. So no solution. [3]
Question 6 [2010 EOY, Q3] marks (i) Make h the subject of the formula 2 2 11 22 gh ry h . Solution: 222 22 22 11 11 22 4 2 gh g h ry h r y h 22 2 2 2(2 ) 4 ( 1)gy h r h 22 2 22 2 2 242 4rh hgy gy r 22 2 2 22 2 24 4 gy rh rg y 22 2 22 2 24 4 gy rh rg y [2] (ii) Simplify 22 2 22 2 32 2 76 2 23 8 1 8 2 1 xx xx x x x xx x x . Solution: 22 2 22 2 32 2 76 2 23 8 1 8 2 1 xx xx x x x xx x x 2 ( 1)( 2) 2(2 3)(2 3) ( 2)( 1) (2 3)( 1) (2 3)( 2) ( 1) xx x x x x xx xx x 2( 2) 1 x x or 24 1 x x [3]
Question 7 [2011 EOY, Q1] marks Without using a calculator, simplify 69 13 3 . Solution: 63 9 1 369 13 3 31 3 93 3 33 33 33 93 2 7 9 93 39 18 36 OR 2 61 369 9 3 13 3 13 13 3 31 3 3 3 1 33 33 3 3 M [3] Question 8 [2011 EOY, Q3] marks Show that 22 3324 2 8x yx x y y xy . Solution: 22 22 2 3 33 32 24 2 84 2 4 2 8( ) xy x x yy x x y xy yx xy y xy s h o w n [1]
(ii) Hence simplify 33 2 4 22 2 2 83 1 6 264 4 xy x x y x xyx xy y x xy y . Solution: 3 3 2 22 2 22 23 2 23 2 4 24 2 3 2 23 2 4 42 4 xy x x y x y xy xy x y x xy x x yy xx y x y xy xy x y x xx y y x [4] Question 9 [2012 EOY, Q2] marks Without using a calculator, simplify 22 32 25 25 . Solution: 22 32 25 25 22 2 32 5 22 5 25 25 3 9 45 2 9 45 1 92 0 5 [4]
Question 10 [2012 EOY, Q10 a, b] marks (a) Factorise 224481 27 4aa b b completely Solution: 22 2 2 242 481 27 4 (9 )(9 4 )aa b ba b a b 22(9 )(3 2 )(3 2 )ab ab ab [2] (b) Given that 223x px q , express x in terms of p and q. Solution: 223x px q 2249 9x px q 2 (4 9 ) 9x pq 2 9 49 qx p 9 49 qx p [2] Question 11 [2013 EOY, Q1 a, b] marks (i) Find the product of 11 11 33 33() ()x yx y and 2 1 12 2 1 12 3 3 33 33 33() ()x xy y x xy y and simplify the answer. Solution: 11 11 33 33() ()x yx y 21 12 21 12 33 33 33 33() ()x xy y x xy y = (x – y)(x +y) = 22x y [2]
(ii) If x ax ay x ax a , simplify 1y y . Solution: x ax a x ax a x ax a x ax a () 2 () () 2 () () () x a x ax a x a x a x ax a x a xa xa 2222 2 x axa a 2x a [3] Question 12 [2013 EOY, Q6] marks (i) Simplify + () ()() () () () ab bc ca bc ac ac ab ab bc . Solution: () () () () () () () () () ab ab bc bc ca ca ab bc ac 222222 () () () abbcca ab bc ac 0 () () ()ab bc ac = 0 [3] (ii) Simplify 22 22 26 4 2 0 65 3 62 4 xx x x xx xx . Solution: 2 2 2( 3 2) ( 5)( 4) (1 ) (5 ) 3 ( 28 ) xx x x xx xx 2( 1)( 2) ( 5)( 4) (1 ) (5 ) 3 (2 ) ( 4 ) xx x x xx x x 2 3 [3]
Question 13 [2014 EOY, Q1] marks (i) Factorise completely . Solution: 33 22 222 2 (3 )(1 ) ( 3 1)[( 3) ( 3)( 1) ( 1) ] (2 4)( 6 9 4 3 2 1) 2( 2)( 4 7) xx xxx x x x xx x x x x x xx x [3] (ii) Simplify . Solution: 21 2 21 2 xx xx x x or 2 2 1 2 12 2( 1 ) 42 (1 ) 22 (1 ) 2( 1) 2 xx x x xx x xx xx x xx x x [3] 33(3 )(1 )xx 1 2 12 xx x x
Question 14 [2014 EOY, Q2] marks The area of a rectangle ABCD is given by m 2, and the length of side AB is m. Find, without using a calculator, the length of side BC in the form of m, where a and b are real numbers. Solution: Length of the side BC 13 2 28 (1 3 2 )(2 2 2 ) (2 8)(2 2 2) 22 26 21 2 4 10 4 2 4 5 2 m 2 [4] Question 15 [2015 EOY, Q3] marks (i) Make p the subject of the formula if 2 2 4(2 1)ps u . Solution: 2 2 22 4(2 1) 84 ps u su p 2 2 4 8 sup 2 4 8 sup [3] 13 2 28 (2 )ab
(ii) Simplify into a single fraction 33 23 22 2 81 6 4 4( 4 2 ) x yx y x x yy x . Solution: 33 23 22 2 22 2 81 6 4 4( 4 2 ) (2 ) ( 2 4 ) 4 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) (2 ) (2 ) 4(2 ) xy x yx xy y x x yx x y y x y x y x xy xy yx 22 224 2 22 x xy y xy x x yy x 2224 2 x y x y [4] Question 16 [2015 EOY, Q4] marks (i) Given that 22 44x xy y and that x y , find the value of 3 x y . Solution: 22 44 ( ) ( ) 4 ( )x xy y x y xy x y Since x y , 04xy xy Hence 33 4xy 6 [3]
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