Ex02 Relations & Functions Answer
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Text from the first pagesTopic: Relations and functions Question 1 [2008 EOY, Q13] marks A function f is defined by 1:2fx x , where 22 x , 0x . (i) Sketch the graph of ()yf x , showing clearly any asymptote(s) and intersection(s) with the axes. Solution: [G1] – correct shape [G1] – correct asymptotes [G1] – correct intercepts [3] (ii) Find an expression for 1f , the inverse function of f, and state its domain. Solution: Let 1 2y x then 1 2x y hence 1 1() 2fx x 5(2 ) 2f , 3(2) 2f , so domain of 1f is 53 22xx [3] x – 2 1 2 2 – 2
Question 2 [2008 EOY, Q14] marks Sketch the graphs of lnyx and xy e on the same axes. Solution: [G1] – correct [G1] – correct [2] Describe using geometrical transformations how you would obtain the graphs of (a) 2lnyx , and Solution: 2ln 2lnyxy x . Stretch graph by a factor of 2 about x‐axis parallel to the y‐axis and reflect a copy of the graph about y‐axis [2] (b) 2 xy e from the graphs you have drawn above. You are not required to draw them. Solution: Reflect the graph about y‐axis and translate the graph upwards along the y‐axis by 2 units [2] lnyx xy e x y 1 lnyx xye 1
Question 3 [2009 EOY, Q4] marks Sketch the graphs of 2yx and 2 34yx x for the domain 25 x on the same axes and hence state the number of solutions of the equation 223 4xx x . Solution: [5] Question 4 [2009 EOY, Q8] marks Function f is defined by :3 1fx x . (i) Write down the inverse function of f in similar form. Solution: 1 3 y x 1 1: 3 xfx [2]
(ii) Describe using geometrical transformation(s) how you would obtain the graph of ()yf x from the graph of ()yf x . You are not required to draw them. Solution: is the reflection of in the x‐axis. [1] Question 5 [2010 EOY, Q15] marks A function f is defined by 2: 3 x kx x f , where 3x and k is a real constant. (i) If 1(1 ) 1 2 f , find the value of k. Solution: 2( 1) 1 12 33( 1 ) 2 k k 1k [2] (ii) Find an expression for 1()xf , where 1f is the inverse function of f, and state its domain. Solution: Let 21 3 xy x , then 3123 1 2 yxx y y x y Hence 1 31() 2 xx x f and the domain is 2x [3] (iii) Find the x‐coordinates of the points of intersection, if they exist, when 1() ()x xff . Solution: Solve for 221 31 1032 xx xxx x [M1] But this equation has no real roots, so they do not intersect [A1] [2] ()yf x ()yf x
Question 6 [2011 EOY, Q8] marks (i) Solve the inequality 23 5x . Hence state the solution of 42 35x . Solution: (a) 52 35x , 14 x 14 x [3] (ii) By sketching appropriate graphs or otherwise determine the number of root(s) for the equation 2 2x x . Solution: (a) Graph of 2y x Graph of 2xy One intersection means one root [3] Question 7 [2012 EOY, Q4] marks (a) Sketch the graph 3y xa where 03 a , showing clearly the intercepts with the axes. Solution: G1 – correct V‐shaped G1 – V‐shape shifted to be right by 3 units. G1 – V‐shape shifted downwards by a units. [3] 3 y x
(b) Find the range of values of k, in terms of a, for which the equation 3x ak (i) has no solution, (ii) has two solutions of opposite signs. Solution: () ( ) 3ik a i i k a [2] Question 8 [2012 EOY, Q14] marks Function f is defined by 21 3f: 3 xx x . (a) (i) State the largest possible domain for f. Solution: ,3xx [1] (ii) A and B are such that 21 3 33 x BAx x for all values of x except 3x . By long division or otherwise, find the value of A and of B. Solution: 23 721 3 7 233 3 xx xx x 2, 7AB [2]
(a)(iii) State precisely a sequence of transformations by which the graph of 21 3 3 xy x may be obtained from the graph of 1y x . Solution: 1y x 1(I) 3 Translation of 3 unit in the negative -direction. 7(II) 3 Stretching/Scaling parallel to the -axis by a factor of 7 7(III) 2 3 Translation of 2 unit in the positive -direction y x x y x y y x y [3] (b) The function f has an inverse if its domain is restricted to x k , state the least value of k and find an expression for 1f( ) x corresponding to this domain for f. Solution: f is one‐to‐one as any horizontal line where fyk kR cuts the graph of f exactly once. 1 1 f( ) f( ) f f ( ) f( ) Let y x Peform a function operation on y yx yx 21 3 3 y xy 13 3 2 xy x 1 13 3f( ) , , 2 2 xxx x x [4]
Question 9 [2014 EOY, Q11] marks A function f is defined, for 0x , by f: 1 ax x , where a is a real constant. Given that 12f( 1 ) f (2) 4 , calculate the value of a. Solution: 1 1 1 f( ) 1 Let f ( ) f( ) 1 1 f( ) , 1 1 2f( 1 ) f (2) 4 21 4 12 1 22 4 2 ax x yx yx a xy ay x axx x aa aa a [4]
Question 10 [2014 EOY, Q13] marks (i) Sketch the graphs of 10xy and 1 (2 1)( 2)2yx x on the same axes, showing clearly the x-intercepts, y-intercepts and turning points, if any. Hence, state the range of values of x such that 110 (2 1)( 2)2 x xx . Solution: Hence, the range of values of x such that 110 (2 1)( 2)2 x xx is 0x . [5] (ii) Describe the sequence of transformations to obtain a graph of 2l n( 1 )yx from the graph of e1xy . Solution: e1e 1 l n ( 1 )xxyy x y First transformation: reflection in the line y = x. Second transformation: stretching / scaling parallel to the y‐axis by a factor of 2. [2]
Question 11 [2015 EOY, Q5] marks It is given that f is a function such that f: 2 4 , x xx k . (a) Write down the largest possible value of k. Solution: Largest possible value of k is 4. [1] (b) If 3k , (i) find 1f( ) x and state the domain of 1f , Solution: 12f( )4 ( 2 )x x or (4 )x x , domain of 1f is 1x [3] (b) (ii) solve for x when 1f ( )f( )x x . Solution: 1 1 2 f ( )f( ) f( ) 4 (3 ) 0 x x x x x xx xx hence 0x since 3x domain of 1f [3]
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