[2260/02] SAS(S) 2026 4E5N Prelims ANS

Index Subject TG Class Number Candidate Name __________________________________ HUMANITIES 2260/02 Paper 2 Geography Friday 14 August 2026 1 hour 45 minutes Additional materials: Insert _____________________________________________________________________________ _________ READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST 1. Write your name, subject teaching group, class and index number in the spaces at the top of this page. 2. Write in dark blue or black pen. 3. You may use a pencil for any diagrams or graphs. 4. Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid. 5. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. Answer three questions in total. Section A Answer Question 1 and Question 2 Section B Answer either Question 3 or Question 4 This question paper consists of 13 printed pages, 1 blank page and 1 Insert. Ng Eu Khim For Examiner’s use 50 ST ANDREW’S SCHOOL ST ANDREW’S SCHOOL ST ANDREW’S SCHOOL ST ANDREW’S SCHOOL ST ANDREW’S SCHOOL ST ANDREW’S SCHOOL ST ANDREW’S SCHOOL ST ANDREW’S SCHOOL ST ANDREW’S SCHOOL ST ANDREW’S SCHOOL ST ANDREW’S SCHOOL ST ANDREW’S SCHOOL ST ANDREW’S SCHOOL ST ANDREW’S SCHOOL ST ANDREW’S SCHOOL ST ANDREW’S SCHOOL ST ANDREW’S SCHOOL ST ANDREW’S SCHOOL ST ANDREW’S SCHOOL ST ANDREW’S SCHOOL ST ANDREW’S SCHOOL ST ANDREW’S SCHOOL ST ANDREW’S SCHOOL ST ANDREW’S SCHOOL ST ANDREW’S SCHOOL ST ANDREW’S SCHOOL ST ANDREW’S SCHOOL ST ANDREW’S SCHOOL ST ANDREW’S SCHOOL ST ANDREW’S SCHOOL ST ANDREW’S SCHOOL ST ANDREW’S SCHOOL ST ANDREW’S SCHOOL ST ANDREW’S SCHOOL ST ANDREW’S SCHOOL ST ANDREW’S SCHOOL ST ANDREW’S SCHOOL ST ANDREW’S SCHOOL ST ANDREW’S SCHOOL ST ANDREW’S SCHOOL ST ANDREW’S SCHOOL ST ANDREW’ S SCHOOL [Turn over ST ANDREW’S SCHOOL (SECONDARY) PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION 2026 SECONDARY 4 EXPRESS AND 5 NORMAL (ACADEMIC)

2 Section A Answer Question 1 and Question 2. 1. (a) (i) Explain what is meant by a sense of place within an urban neighbourhood. • A sense of place within an urban neighbourhood refers to the importance, meanings and memories people associate with specific locations in their neighbourhoods. [1] (ii) Study Fig. 1.1 (Insert), which shows the introduction of ‘Friendly Streets’ to Ang Mo Kio Street 31. Using Fig. 1.1 (Insert), describe how the infrastructure in the neighborhood supports social sustainability and inclusivity for an aging population. • The banner reading ‘Welcome to Friendly Streets’ informs residents, motorists and pedestrians that all are included. o Additionally, it signals to motorists that they are entering a high-activity community zone and must slow down to accommodate slow -moving elderly pedestrians • To facilitate inclusivity and social sustainability, the paved footpaths/sidewalks/pavements are wide and level. o These allows seniors and resides to walk at their own comfortable pace without being rushed/crowded o Additionally, the wider footpaths/pavements/sidewalks accommodates wheelchairs and/or mobility devices thus reducing friction between different types of commuters. • The highly visible zebra crossing in the middle ground of the photograph indicates that the road surface is flush with the footpath/sidewalk/pavements. This promotes social sustainability and inclusivity as it eliminates the need to step or down, removing tripping hazards and allowing seniors who use canes/walkers/Personal Mobility Aids (PMAs) to cross smoothly. • The covered walkway links residential HDB blocks (on the right) with social spaces such as the local coffeeshop (on the left) are shared community spaces thus facilitating regular social interactions. [3] (b) State one urban hazard common in residential areas (other than fires) and explain its negative consequences on the local community. • Air pollution can occur in residential areas due to burning vegetation and industria l and motor emissions. o As carbon dioxide and other pollutants are released into the atmosphere from the burning of vegetation, the local community may experience respiratory infections, heart diseases and lung cancer. o Exposure to industrial and motor emissions can lead to poor health such as asthma in children and decreased lung function in older adults aside from respiratory functions, heart diseases and lung cancer. • Traffic hazards can occur in residential areas arising from speeding, red -light running and/or drink driving. o Traffic hazards may cause serious injuries among the local community which may lead to disabilities and/or loss of life. o Additionally, traffic hazards impact a significant proportion of elderly pedestrians and motorcyclists, who may suffer injuries or death.

3 [3] (c) A group of geography students conducted a Geographical Investigation (GI) , using a questionnaire in the neighbourhood of Ang Mo Kio Street 31 to determine if longer residency leads to a stronger community attachment. (i) State a hypothesis the students could use for this investigation. • The longer/higher the number of years a resident has lived in the neighbourhood, the higher their sense of belonging / the stronger community involvement. Accept other plausible answers. [1] (ii) Study Fig. 1.2 (Insert) , which shows the relationship between years lived and sense of belonging for Ang Mo Kio Street 31 residents between 1980 and 2025. With reference to Fig. 1.2 (Insert), describe the relationship shown in the scatter graph. • There is a positive relationship/correlation between the years lived in the neighbourhood and the sense of belonging. o Long-term residents who have lived in the area for over 30 years predominantly exhibit high scores for their sense of belonging. o Residents who have lived 10 years or less in the neighbourhood have a lower to moderate sense of belonging. [2] (iii) Explain two limitations of using closed-ended questionnaires to collect data regarding residents' emotional attachment to a place. • Fixed-response questions restrict respondents to predetermined options (e.g., Yes/No or 1–5 scales). o They do not allow residents to explain the complex reasons or unique personal memories behind their emotional attachment • Respondents may pick neutral options or arbitrary high numbers quickly without fully processing the criteria, • which compromises the reliability and validity of the data. • Additionally, unfavorable or unclear and/or misleading question construction may lead to potential bias • Unforeseen issues and/or insights that can be captured by open -ended questions are unaccounted for, reducing the reliability and validity of the data Accept other plausible answers. [4] [Total: 14]

4 2 Cluster 2: Tourism (a) Study Fig. 2.1 (Insert) , which shows the number of foreign visitors visiting Iceland by cruise ship from 2013 to 2023. Using Fig. 2.1 (Insert), describe the trends in international tourist arrivals to Iceland between 2013 and 2023. • Over the entire ten -year period from 2013 to 2023, the number of foreign visitors arriving in Iceland via cruise ships has increased from approximately 94,000 in 2013 to nearly 290,000 in 2023. • From 2013 to 2019, Iceland