SJI 2026 HIST PRELIM P1 QP

ST JOSEPH’S INSTITUTION PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION 2026 (YEAR 4) CANDIDATE NAME CLASS INDEX NUMBER HISTORY Paper 1 Extension of European control in Southeast Asia and challenges to European Dominance 1870s-1942 No Additional Materials are required. 2174/01 20 August 2026 1 hour 50 minutes (10:50 – 12:40) READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST A Digital Answer Booklet will be provided with this question paper. You should follow the instructions on the cover page of the Digital Answer Booklet. Answer each question in the correct tab of the Digital Answer Booklet. Answers written in this booklet will not be marked. Section A Answer all parts of Question 1. Section B Answer two questions. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. This document consists of 6 printed pages including this cover page.

2 [Turn Over Section A: Source-Based Case Study Question 1 is for all candidates. Study the Background Information and the sources carefully, and then answer all the questions. You may use any of the sources to help you answer the questions, in addition to those sources you are told to use. In answering the questions, you should use your knowledge of the topic to help you interpret and evaluate the sources. 1 (a) Study Source A. What is the message of this cartoon? Explain your answer, using details of the source and your own knowledge. [5] (b) Study Sources B and C. How far does Source B prove that you can believe Source C? Explain your answer. [5] (c) Study Source D. Source D is by a member of the Hitler Youth. Does it mean what he says about the Hitler Youth is true? Explain your answer. [6] (d) Study Source E. Why did Hitler make this speech? Explain your answer. [6] (e) Study all the sources. ‘German youths benefitted from the Hitler Youth.’ How far do the sources support this view? Explain your answer. [8]

3 The Hitler Youth BACKGROUND INFORMATION Read this carefully. It may help you answer some of the questions. The Hitler Youth was a youth organization intended to influence the minds of the young people in Germany to support the Nazi ideology. It was split into various arms to cater to male youths aged 10 to 18 and one for females. In the beginning, membership was on a voluntary basis but by December 1936, membership became compulsory for the youths. They were trained in various disciplines which included Nazi principles and military training. By 1940, over 8 million youths were members. However, there were some young Germans who viewed the movement as a form of control and refused to join it. Study the following sources to find out if the German youths benefitted from joining the Hitler Youth. Source A: A Russian cartoon about the Hitler Youth, produced in 1936. The man pulling the chain is Joseph Goebbels. [Turn Over

4 Source B: An extract from a book by a German historian, written in 1985. For many young people, the arrival of the Hitler Youth meant access to leisure activities for the first time. The girls had the chance to escape the female role-model centred on family and children. They could do things normally reserved for boys. The Hitler Youth concentrated on bringing all young people in their organisation. However, they were also taught to carry out disciplinary and surveillance activities on their friends which caused great resentment. By 1938, many young people began to turn away from the movement and formed independent gangs to fight the Hitler Youth movement. Source C: An account from an Australian who visited Nazi Germany, in 1937. In every case the children wanted to join the Hitler Youth. Children wanted to march and sing and salute, they wanted to go to the Nazi camps, and they wanted to enjoy the wonderful, exciting life that was organized for them. The attitude of mind was absolutely uncritical. They did not see Hitler as a statesman with good and bad points; to them he is more of a demi-god. It was this utter lack of any objective or critical attitude on the part of youth, that made me fear most for the future of Germany. Source D: An extract from an interview with Rolf Heberer, a member of the Hitler Youth and son of a Nazi Party official. Until 1933, there was a period of unemployment. And then Hitler basically got the unemployed off the streets with the measures he took, like building the Autobahn. The people were contented. They had a job... I joined the Hitler Youth as soon as I was old enough to do so. We were always making trips somewhere. I felt like part of a community. Most of the time, those who you went to school with or those who were in your class were also involved in these trips. The Nazis really understood how to fill us with enthusiasm for many things. Source E: An extract from a speech by Hitler at the 1935 Nuremburg Rally. In our eyes the German boy of the future must be slender and supple, swift as greyhounds, tough as leather and hard as steel. My plans are that we must bring up a new type of human being, men and girls who are disciplined and healthy to the core. We have undertaken to give the German people an education that begins already in youth and will never come to an end... Nobody will be able to say that he has a time in which he is left entirely alone to himself.

5 Source F: An account of a German man who was a former member of the Hitler Youth. It was truly a jam-packed schedule with a variety of activities lined up for us… The trips…off into the countryside…I was pleased that sport had its place… Later when I became a leader, the negative aspects became obvious. I found the compulsion and the requirement of absolute obedience unpleasant. It was preferred that people should not have a will of their own… The Hitler Youth was interfering everywhere in people’s private lives…In our troop, the activities consisted almost entirely of boring military drill… [Turn Over

6 Section B: Essays Answer two questions. 2 ‘The most important impact of the Treaty of Versailles on Germany was the humiliation the Germans suffered.’ How far do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer. [10] 3 ‘The most important reason for Japan’s aggressive policy towards China was because of the weaknesses of the League of Nations.’ How far do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer. [10] 4 ‘The most significant impact of British colonialism in Malaya was the social division in Malaya.’ How far do you agree with this s