12 Integration TutSol
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Text from the first pagesPage 1 of 18 Integration Techniques Section 1: Discussion Questions (Students are to attempt all these questions.) 1 Integrands in the form f ' f n xx (a) 2 3 1 d 3 x x xx 1 3 22 33 x x c 2 3 1 d 3 x x xx 1 2 1 2 32 3 13 2 31 3( 1) 1 2 d 33 3 3 3 xxx x c x x c xx (b) 523 1 3 dx x x x 631 318 x x c 523 1 3 dx x x x 562 3 311 3 1 3 d 33 18 x x x x x x c (c) 5sin cos dx x x 6cos 6 x c 6 55 cossin cos d sin cos d 6 xx x x x x x c (d) 5sec tan dx x x 5sec 5 x c 5 54 secsec tan d sec tan sec d 5 xx x x x x x x c (e) 3cos 3 sin 3 dx x x 4sin 3 12 x c 3cos 3 sin 3 dx x x 4 34 sin 31 1 13cos 3 sin 3 d sin 33 3 4 12 xx x x c x c 2 Integrands in the form f' f x x (a) 1 d (1 ) x xx 2ln 1 xc
Page 2 of 18 Integration Techniques 1 d (1 ) x xx 112 d 2ln 1 2 (1 ) x x c xx (b) d3 x xx 3ln 3x x c xx x d3 3 3 3d 1 d 3ln 333 x x x x x cxx (c) cot d ln sin c cot d cos d ln sinsin c
Page 3 of 18 Integration Techniques 3 Integrands requiring use of trigonometric identities (a) 2sin 3 dxx 11 sin 626 x x c 2sin 3 dxx 1 1 sin 61 cos6 d2 2 6 xx x x c (b) sin cos d22 xx x 1 cos2 xc sin cos d22 xx x 11 sin d cos22 x x x c (c) 1 d1 cos 2 xx 1 cot2 xc 1 d1 cos 2 xx 2 2 1 1 1 d cos d cot2sin 2 2 x ec x x x cx (d) 1 d1 cos xx 1tan 2 xc xx dcos1 1 2 22 2 11 d sec d tan2cos 2 2 x x xx x c (e) 53sin cos d22 xx x 11cos 4 cos82 x x c 53sin cos d22 xx x 1 1 cos 4 1(sin 4 sin )d cos cos 4 4cos2 2 4 8 xx x x x c x x c (f) 3cos dxx 3sinsin 3 xxc 3cos dxx 3 22 sincos (1 sin )d cos cos sin )d sin 3 xx x x x x x x x c OR 2 2 2 23 1cos (1 sin )d cos (cos 2 sin )d 2cos cos 2 d cos sin d2 1 1 1 1(cos3 cos )d cos sin d sin 3 sin sin2 6 2 2 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x c (g) 2 4 3cos cos d22 a a aa 1 124a
Page 4 of 18 Integration Techniques 2 22 44 4 3 1 1 sin 2 sincos cos d cos 2 cos d2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 10 1 ( ) 1 22 2 4 2 a aa aa a a a a a aa aa aa (h) 1 0 sin( 1) sin( 1) d sin 2 4 11 00 1 0 1sin 1 sin 1 d cos 2 cos 2 d 2 1 sin 2 sin 2 1 sin 2 sin 2 002 2 2 2 2 4 4 Integrands requiring long division and/or partial fractions (a) 2 1 d2 xxx 11ln ln 222 x x c 2 1 d2 xxx 1 d( 2) xxx 1 1 1 d22 xxx 1 ln ln 22 x x c (b) 2 1 d2 12 14 xxx 1 ln 7 ln 116 x x c 2 1 d2 12 14 xxx 2 11 d2 6 7 xxx 11 d2 ( 7)( 1) xxx 1 1 1 d16 7 1 xxx 1 ln 7 ln 116 x x c (c) 3 2 2 d1 x xx 21 1 3 ln 1 ln 12 2 2x x x c 3 2 2 d1 x xx 2 2 ( 1) 2 d1 x x x xx 2 d( 1)( 1) xxx xx 31 22 d11xx xx 2 13ln 1 ln 12 2 2 x x x c (d) 2 2 29 d( 1)( 3) xx xxx 3 5 6ln 1 ln 34 4 3x x c x 2 2 29 d( 1)( 3) xx xxx 35 44 2 6 d1 3 ( 3) xx x x 3 5 6ln 1 ln 34 4 3x x c x
Page 5 of 18 Integration Techniques 5 Integrands in the form 2 2 2 222 1 1 1 ,,a x a xax (a) 2 1 d 34 x x 112sin2 3 x c 2 1 d 34 x x 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 d sin22 33 (2 ) xxc x (b) 2 1 d4 81 xx 119tan18 2 x c 2 1 d4 81 xx 11 22 1 9 1 1 9 1 9 d tan tan9 2 (9 ) 9 2 2 18 2 xxx c cx (c) 2 1 d 4 ( 3) x x 1 3sin 2 x c 2 1 d 4 ( 3) x x 1 3sin 2 x c (d) 2 1 d23 xxx 111tan 22 x c 2 1 d23 xxx 1 2 1 1 1 d tan( 1) 2 22 xxcx (e) 2 1 d 64 x xx 1 2sin 10 x c 2 1 d 64 x xx 1 22 2 1 1 1 2 d d d sin 10( 4 6) 10 ( 2) ( 2) 10 xx x x c x x x x 6 Integrands that can be split into different standard forms (a) 2 2 d 25 x x xx 211 1 1ln 2 5 tan2 2 2 xx x C
Page 6 of 18 Integration Techniques 2 22 22 21 2 d 25 1 2 2 2 d2 2 5 2 5 1 2 2 2 d2 25 14 1 1 1ln 2 5 tan2 2 2 x x xx x x x x x x x x xx x xx x C (b) 2 2 d 25 x x xx 21 31ln 2 5 tan 22 xx x x C 2 2 2 2 22 2 21 2 2 3d 1 d 2 5 2 5 2 5 2 2 31d 25 12 31ln 2 5 tan 22 xx xx x x x x x x x x xx x xx x x C (c) 2 34 d 8 6 9 x x xx 21 1 3 1 8 6 9 sin3 x x x C 2 34 d 8 6 9 x x xx 1 6 2 22 ( 6 18 ) 3 d 8 6 9 1 6 18 3 dd6 8 6 9 8 6 9 x x xx x xx x x x x 21 1 3 1 8 6 9 sin3 x x x C 2 21 3 13 2 8 6 9 d6 31 x x x x 21 1 3 1 8 6 9 sin3 x x x C
Page 7 of 18 Integration Techniques 7. Integration by Substitution By using the given substitution, determine the following integrals, leaving your answers in an exact form whenever applicable. (a) 2e de2 x x x e2xu e 2 2ln e 2xx c 22 ' e ( 2) d 2 2 d d 1 de 2 2 2ln e 2 2ln e 2 e 2ln e 2 x x xx xx u u ux u u u u u u u u c c c e2 d e2d dd 2 x x u u ux ux u (b) 3 dx x x 2 3xu 53 22 2 3 2 35 x x c 53 22 2 2 2 2 4 2 5 3 3 d ( 3) (2 d ) ( 3) 2 d 2 + 3 d 12 2 2 255 x x x u u u u u u u u u u u u c x x c 2 2 2 d 2d d 2 d xu ux x uu x u u (c) 4 d 1 x x x 2ux 121 sin2 xc 1 1 2 4 4 2 1 1 1 1 1 1d 2 d d sin sin2 2 2 21 1 1 x x x x u u c x c x x u 2 d 2d 2 d d ux u xx x x u (d) 2 1 22 0 1 d(1 ) x xx tanx 1 2
Page 8 of 18 Integration Techniques 4 4 4 4 44 22 1 2 2 2 2 2 0 0 2 2 22 0 2 2 0 22 0 0 0 1 1 tan d sec d(1 ) (1 tan ) 1 tan sec d(sec ) 1 tan dsec (cos sin ) d sin 2 1 1cos 2 d sin sin 02 2 2 2 x xx 2 2 tan d secd d sec d x x x When 41, x When 0, 0x (e) 3 2 0 9d xx 3sinx 9 4 2 2 2 2 2 3 22 00 2 0 2 0 0 0 9 d 9 9sin 3cos d 9cos 3cos d 9cos d 9 (cos 2 1) d2 9 sin 2 9 sin 9 2 2 2 2 2 4 xx 3sin d 3cosd d 3cos d x x x When 23, sin 1x When 0, sin 0 0x (f) 3 22 2 d x ax sinxa 2 22 1 x C a ax 3 22 2 3 2 2 2 2 dd Let sin . Then cos d cos d sin xx x a a ax a aa 3 32 2 cos d 1 sin a a 23 2 2 2 1 cos d cos 1 sec d 1 tan a a C a
Page 9 of 18 Integration Techniques 2 22 1 x C a ax 8 Integration by Parts (a) 4e dxxx 4411 ee4 16 xxxc 4e dxxx 4 4 4 41 1 1 1e e d e e4 4 4 16 x x x xx x x c ux 4d ed xv x d 1d u x 41 e4 xv (b) ln dx x x 33 2224 ln39x x x c 3 3 3 1 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 4ln d ln d ln3 3 3 9 22 ln33 x x x x x x x x x x c x x c lnux d d v xx d1 d u xx 3 2 3 2 3 2 2 3 xvx (c
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