10 Differentiation TutSol
Uploaded by hima · 3 June 2023
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Text from the first pagesPage 1 of 16 Topic 10: 1 By considering the derivative as a limit, show that the derivative of 3x is 23x . [N00/I/4] [Solution] Let 3f ( )xx . Then 3 2 3 32f ( ) 3 3x x x x x x x x x x 233 2 333f ( ) f ( ) x x x x x x xx x x xx 22 0 0 0 f ( ) f ( )lim 3 3 lim lim x x x x x x x x x xx 2f ( ) 3xx (shown) Watch out for mistakes with notations. 2 Differentiate each of the following with respect to x simplifying your answer. (a) 2 24 x x (b) 1 x (c) 43 3 1 21 x x [Ans: (a) 2 3 2 2 8 4 xx x (b) 1 41 xx (c) 323 53 36 1 21 xx x ] [Solution] (a) 2 2 d d 4 x x x 1 2 2 2 2 2 14 2 4 2 2 4 x x x x x x 23 3 2 2 2 3 2 2 24 4 8 4 x x x x xx x (b) d 1d xx 1 1 1 221 41xx xx
Page 2 of 16 (c) 43 3 d1 d 2 1 x xx 43 43 1d d 21 x x x 4 3 4 33 3 2 3 3 2 83 32 3 3 3 53 323 53 2 1 4 1 3 1 4 2 1 6 21 12 1 2 1 2 1 21 36 1 21 x x x x x x x x x x x x xx x (Alternative, apply chain rule first) 43 3 d1 d 2 1 x xx 333 33 1 d 14 2 1 d 2 1 xx x x x 333 33 333 33 33 33 33 13 3 33 232 3 2 1 d 14 2 1 d 2 1 1 1 d 2 24 2 1 2 d 2 1 1 1 d 341 2 1 2 d 2 1 1d2 3 2 12 1 d 12 3 2 1 621 36 xx x x x xx x x x x x x x x xxx x xxx x 33 53 1 21 x x 3 Find the derivative with respect to x of (a) cos ,x (b) 2cot(1 2 ),x (c) 3tan 5 , x (d) sec .1 tan x x [Ans: (a) sin180 x (b) 224 cosec 1 2xx (c) 2215tan 5 sec 5xx (d) 2 sec tan 1 1 tan xx x ]
Page 3 of 16 [Solution] (a) Let cos cos 180 xyx d sin sind 180 180 180 yx xx (b) 2 2 2 2 2d cot(1 2 ) cosec 1 2 4 4 cosec 1 2d x x x x xx (c) 3 2 2 2 2d tan 5 3tan 5 sec 5 5 15tan 5 sec 5d x x x x xx (d) d sec d 1 tan x xx 2 2 1 tan sec tan sec sec 1 tan x x x x x x 22 22 2 2 sec tan tan sec but 1 tan sec 1 tan sec tan 1 1 tan x x x x xx x xx x 4 Find the derivative with respect to x of (a) 1 sin3e xy (b) 1 2e xyx (c) 2 1ln 1 xy x (d) ln 2 xy x (e) 4 2log 3 e xyx (f) ln(sin )3 xy [Ans: (a) 1 sin33e cos3x x (b) 1 e 2 1x x (c) 2 1 11 x xx (d) 2 1 ln(2 )x x (e) 3 4 12 e 3 e ln 2 x x x x (f) ln(sin )3 cot ln3x x ] [Solution] (a) 1 sin3e xy 1 sin3 1 sin3 d e 3cos3d 3e cos3 x x y xx x (b) 1 2e xyx (d) ln 2 xy x 2 2 2 ln(2 ) 1d 2 d 1 ln(2 ) xxy x xx x x (e) 4 4 2 ln 3 e log 3 e ln 2 x x x yx
Page 4 of 16 11 2 2 1 d1 2 e ed e 2 1 xx x y xxxx x (c) 2 2 11ln ln 1 ln 1 21 xy x x x 2 d 1 1 1 12d 1 2 1 y xxx x 2 2 2 11 11 1 11 x x x xx x xx 3 4 3 4 d 1 12 e d ln 2 3 e 12 e 3 e ln 2 x x x x yx xx x x (f) ln(sin )3 i.e. ln ln(sin )ln3xy y x 1 d cos ln 3d sin cot ln 3 yx y x x x ln(sin ) d cot ln 3d 3 cot ln 3x y yxx x 5 Find d d y x in terms of x and y for each of the following: (a) 3 2 33 2 1y x y x (c) 2eex y x y (b) 2 22xyx x (d) 22 siny x xy [Ans: (a) 2x yx (b) ln 22 y (c) 22e e e1 x x y xy (d) 2 cos 2 cos x y xy y x xy ] [Solution] (a) 3 2 33 2 1y x y x 2 2 2dd3 6 3 6 0dd yyy xy x xxx 2 2 2 22 d3 3 6 6 d 6d2 d 3 yy x xy x x x y xyx x y x yx
Page 5 of 16 (b) 2 22xyx x 2 2 2 (for 0) 2d2 ln 2d d ln 2d2 ln 22 x xyy x y y y y x x y Alternatively, 2 22xyx x 22ln( ) ln ln 2 (for 0) 2ln 2ln 2ln ln 2 1ln ln 22 xxy x x x y x x yx Differentiate w.r.t. x, 1 d 1 ln 2d2 d ln 2d2 y yx yy x (c) 2eex y x y 2dde 1 2e dd x y x yy xx 2de 1 2e e d x y x x y y x 2d 2e e d e1 x x y xy y x (d) 22 siny x xy dd2 2 cos( )dd dd2 cos( ) 2 cos( )dd yyy x xy y xxx yyy x xy x y xyxx d2 cos( ) 2 cos( )d d 2 cos( ) d 2 cos( ) yy x xy x y xy x y x y xy x y x xy 6 Differentiate each of the following with respect to x: (a) 1tan x (b) 15sin 10 x (c) 1cos 2e x (d) 2 1 2 19tan (3 ) ln 19 xxx x
Page 6 of 16 [Ans: (a) 1 2 (1 )xx (b) 2 5 100 x (c) 1cos 2 2 2e 14 x x (d) 1 22 15 18tan 3 1 9 1 9 xxx xx ] [Solution] (a) 1 1 2 2 d 1 1 1tand2 1 ( ) 2 (1 ) xxx x x x (b) 1 2 d 5 1 55sind 10 10 1001 10 x x x x (c) 1 11 cos 2 cos 2 cos 2 22 d 1 2ee e (2)d 1 (2 ) 1 4 x xx x xx (d) 2 1 2 d 1 9tan 3 lnd 1 9 xxxxx 1 2 2d tan 3 ln(1 9 ) ln(1 9 )d x x x xx 1 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 3 18 18tan 3 1 (3 ) 1 9 1 9 3 18 18tan 3 1 9 1 9 1 9 xxxx x x x x x xx x x x 1 22 15 18tan 3 1 9 1 9 xxx xx 7 Find an expression for d d y x for the following in terms of x and/or y: (a) 3y = x sin-1x (b) 2loga xya (c) ln xy x (d) 2 3 e ( 1) 1 x x xy , 0x [Ans: (a) 1 2 2 1 sin3 1 xxy x (b) 2x (c) ln(ln ) ln yyx x
Page 7 of 16 (d) 2 1213 1 1 yx xx ] [Solution] (a) 21 2 d3 sind 1 yxyx x x 1 2 2 d1 sind3 1 yx xxy x (b) 2log 2a xy a x d 2d y xx (c) ln ln (ln ) ln(ln )xy x x x 1 1 d 1 ln(ln ) ln(ln )d ln ln y xx x xy x x x d ln(ln )d ln yy yxxx (d) 23 2 e ( 1) 1ln ln ln e ln( 1) ln( 1)13 x xxy x x x 21ln ln( 1) ln( 1)3y x x x 2 1 d 1 1 2 1d 3 1 1 yx y x x x 2 d 1 2 1d 3 1 1 y y x x x x 8 If 1ln tanyt , prove that 22 2 dd (2 1) 0dd yyyt tt . [Solution] 2 1 d 1 d1 y y t t 2 d(1 ) 0 d yty t
Page 8 of 16 2 2 2 2 2 2 d d d(1 ) 2 0d d d d d d d d(1 ) 2 0d d d d d y y ytt t t t y y y y yttt t t t t 22 2 dd (2 1) 0dd yyyt tt (shown) 9 If 2y ay b x where a and b are constants, show that 32 2 dd 20dd yy xx . [Solution] dd21 dd yyya xx d(2 ) 1 d yya x 2 2 d d d(2 ) 2 0 d d d y y yya x x x 22 2 1 d d 20d dd d yy y xx x 32 2 dd 20dd yy xx (shown) 10 For each of the following curves, find the gradient at the specified point: (a) 33 3 1 0x y xy at the point (2, 1) (b) 4 2 2 3 4 ( 4 )y x y a x a , where a is a constant, at the point ( ,2 )aa [Ans: (a) 1 (b) 1 9 ] [Solution] (a) Differentiating w.r.t. x, 22 dd3 3 3 3 0 dd yyx y x y xx (2,At , 1) 22 dd2 ( 1) 2 ( 1) 0dd yy xx
Page 9 of 16 d3 3 0d y x d 1d y x (b) Differentiating w.r.t. x, 3 2 2 3dd4 (2 ) 2 4dd yyy x y xy axx 3 2 2 3d 22d yy y x xy ax At ( ,2 ),aa 3 2 2 3 (2 )d 2(2 ) 4 (2 ) 2d y a a a ax a a 3 3 3 3 3 3 d (16 2d d 2 1 d 4 18 9 2)y a a a ax ya xa 11 N14/
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