PJC_H1_HISTORY_P1

1 Candidate's Name : _____________________________ CT Group : ______ ` Index no.________ PIONEER JUNIOR COLLEGE History H1/H2 Paper 1 JC 2 Preliminary Exam 2014 H1 8814 H2 9731 Wed 24th September 2014 0800 – 1100 hrs INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES: Answer Question 1 from Section A and 3 questions from Section B. Write your answers on the separate answer paper provided. If you use more than one sheet of paper, fasten the sheets together. Information to candidates: All questions in this paper carry equal marks. You are reminded of the need for grammatically correct English and clear presentation in your answers. For official use Question No. Full Marks Marks Obtained ( 1 ) /25 ( ) /25 ( ) /25 ( ) /25 TOTAL: 100

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3 Section A You must answer Question 1. THE ROLE OF THE UNITED NATIONS SECRETARY-GENERAL 1 Read the sources and then answer the question. Source A I hope the Council will understand that the Secreta ry-General must reserve his right to make such enquiries or investigations as he may think necessary, in order to determine whether or not he should consider bringing any aspect of this matter up to the attention of the Council under the provisions of the Charter. Trygve Lie, on sending an independent commission of inquiry to investigate alleged infiltration across Greece’s northern frontier, 20th Sept 1946, 70th Security Council Meeting Source B A Secretary-General needs at least minimal support from all the Permanent Members and all the major geographical groups in order to carry out the duties of his office adequately. The chances are that, if Hammarskjold had not died at Ndola, the Soviet boycott would have accomplished his political death as it did with Trygve Lie. His three successors in the Cold War years—U Thant, Waldheim and Perez de Cuellar —went out of their way, too far in my judgement, to avoid giving offence to major UN players, in particular the two superpowers. In Waldheim’s last years, I used to wonder whether the rubric about the ‘need to protect the Office’ had not been so rigorously followed as to render the Office scarcely worth protecting. Sir Anthony Parson, UK permanent representative at the UN from 1979 to 1982, in his book, ‘From Cold War to Hot Peace’, 1995. Source C The only Secretary -General really to have measured up to the great potential of the job was Dag Hammarskjold. His successors never came near to his stature. One historian of the United Nations has sharply observed: ‘U Thant was invisible: Kurt Waldheim was a liar: Perez de Cuellar was a man of whom the US ambassador to the UN, Vernon Walters, o