PJC_H1_HIST_IH_P1

1 Candidate’s Name: _____________________________ CT Group: _______ Index no: ________ PIONEER JUNIOR COLLEGE H1/H2 HISTORY JC 2 PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION 2015 9731/01 International History, 1945 – 2000 DATE: 17/09/2015 (THU) TIME: 0800–1100 INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES: Section A Answer Question 1. Section B Answer any three questions. Write your answers on the separate answer papers provided. If you use more than one sheet of paper, fasten the sheets together. Attach this cover page on top of your answer scripts upon submission of paper. Information to candidates: All questions in this paper carry equal marks. You are reminded of the need for grammatically correct English and clear presentation in your answers. For official use: Question No. Full Marks Marks Obtained ( 1 ) /25 ( ) /25 ( ) /25 ( ) /25 TOTAL: 100

2 Section A You must answer Question 1. THE ROLE OF THE UNITED NATIONS SECRETARY-GENERAL 1 Read the sources and then answer the question. When answering Question 1 , candidates are advised to pay particular attention to the interpretation and evaluation of the sources both individually and as a group. Source A I hope the Council will understand that the Secretary -General must reserve his right to make such enquiries or investigations as he may think necessary, in order to determine whether or not he should consider bringing a ny aspect of this matter up to the attention of the Council under the provisions of the Charter. Trygve Lie, on sending an independent commission of inquiry to investigate alleged infiltration across Greece’s northern frontier, 20th Sept 1946, 70th Security Council Meeting. Source B A Secretary-General needs at least minimal support from all the Permanent Members and all the major geographical groups in order to carry out the duties of his office adequately. The chances are that, if Hammarskjold had not died at Ndola, the Soviet boycott would have accomplished his political death as it did with Trygve Lie. His three successors in the Cold War years—U Thant, Waldheim and Perez de Cuellar —went out of their way, too far in my judgement, to avoid giving offence to major UN players, in particular the two superpowers. In Waldheim’s last years, I used to wonder whether the rubric about the ‘need to protect the Office’ had not been so rigorously followed as to render the Office scarcely worth protecting. Sir Anthony Parson, UK permanent representative at the UN from 1979 to 1982, in his book, ‘From Cold War to Hot Peace’, 1995. Source C The first Secretary General was by far the most outspoken. His strength reflected the high hopes of the time for the new international organisation in the aftermath of a devastating war. But his readines