MI_H1_HIST_8821_QP

Class Adm No Candidate Name: This question paper consists of 5 printed pages. [Turn over 2018 End-Of-Year Exams Pre-university 2 H1 HISTORY 8821 The Cold War and the Modern World, 1945-2000 12 th September 2018 3 hours Additional Materials: Answer Paper READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your name and class on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper. You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams or graphs. Do not use paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Begin each question on a fresh sheet of writing paper. Section A Answer Question 1. Section B Answer TWO questions. All questions in this paper carry equal marks. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

2 Section A You must answer Question 1. THE ORIGINS OF THE COLD WAR 1 Read the sources and answer the questions which follow. When answering Question 1 candidates are advised to pay particular attention to the interpretation and evaluation of the Sources both individually and as a group. Source A Aside from the demoralising effect on the world at large and the possibilities of disturbances arising as a result of the desperation of the people concerned, the consequences to the economy of the United States should be apparent to all. It is logical that the United States should do whatever it is able to assist in the return of normal economic health in the world, without which there can be no political stability and no assured peace. Our policy is directed not against any country or doctrine but against hunger, poverty, desperation and chaos. Its purpose should be the revival of a working economy in the world so as to permit the emergence of political and social conditions in which free institutions can exist. Excerpt from a speech delivered by the U.S. Secretary of State, George C. Marshall at Harvard University, 5 June 1947. Source B Of course it was taken very seriously. I should say that there were conflicting feelings. On the one hand, there was a willingness to agree to discuss the question; that it was Molotov’s stance. He even wrote a note to the Central Committee arguing that it was necessary to start negotiations; he understood that the Soviet Union need help. In his reply, he noted that reconstruction was everyone’s main aim, and the United States’ offer of help should be welcomed. His reaction to the Marshall Plan was positive. “Stalin, with his suspicious nature, didn’t like it : ‘This is a ploy by Truman. It is nothing like Lend-Lease – a different situation. They do not want to help us. What they want is to infiltrate European countries. Excerpt from an interview with a Soviet Foreign Ministry official who had served after WWII, 1997. Source C It is sometimes said of Stalin that he had long since given up the Lenin-Trotsky goal of w