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8821/01/IJC/AUG18 INNOVA JUNIOR COLLEGE JC 2 PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION in preparation for the General Certificate of Education Advanced Level Higher 1 HISTORY Paper 1 The Cold War and the Modern World (1945-2000) Additional Materials: Writing Paper 8821/01 28 August 2018 3 hours READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST If you have been given an Answer Booklet, follow the instructions on the front cover of the Booklet. Write your name and class on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black ink on both sides of the paper. You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Section A Answer Question 1. Section B Answer TWO questions. At the end of the examination, answers for Section A and Section B should be fastened separately. Section B should be fastened with a cover page. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. You are reminded of the need for good English and clear presentation in your answers. This document consists of 5 printed pages. [Turn over Innova Junior College

2 8821/01/IJC/AUG18 Section A You MUST answer Question 1. THE ORIGINS OF THE COLD WAR 1 Read the sources and answer the questions which follow. Source A The present policy of the American government with regard to the USSR is also directed at limiting or dislodging the influence of the Soviet Union from neighbouring countries. In implementing this policy in former enemy or Allied countries adjacent to the USSR, the United States attempts, at various international conferences or directly in these countries themselves, to support reactionary forces with the purpose of creating obstacles to the process of democratization of these countries. In so doing, it also attempts to secure positions for the penetration of American capital into their economies. Such a policy is intended to weaken and overthrow the democratic governments in power there, which are friendly toward the USSR, and replace them in the future with new governments that would obediently carry out a policy dictated from the United States. In this policy, the United States receives full support from English diplomacy. Excerpts from a telegram sent to the Soviet leadership by Nikolai Novikov, Soviet ambassador to the US, 27 September 1946. Source B Lastly, the aspiration to world supremacy and th e anti-democratic policy of the United States involve an ideological struggle. The principal pu rpose of the ideological part of the American strategic plan is to deceive public opinion by slanderously accusing the Soviet Union and the new democracies of aggressive intentions, and thus representing the Anglo-Saxon bloc in a defensive role and excusing it of responsibility for preparing a new war. In their ideological struggle against the USSR,