RVHS_H1_ECONS_CSQ1_Answer
Uploaded by hima · 3 June 2023
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1 © RVHS 2014 8819 2014 Y6 H1 Prelim CSQ1 -- Suggested Answers (ai) Compare the US price of sugar and the world price of sugar between 2010 and 2013. [2] Similarity [1] Both prices decreased generally OR US price of sugar moved in tandem with world sugar price OR Both US and world price of sugar share a positive relationship Difference [1] However, the US price of sugar is consistently higher than the world price of sugar OR The US price of sugar decreased by more compared to the decrease in world price of sugar in the same time period (aii) Explain any difference that you have observed. [3] The US price of sugar is consistently higher than the world price of sugar because US imposes a quota on sugar imports. This restricts the amount of sugar entering the US market. With supply kept within a certain limit, this helps to keep price in US at a certain level On the other hand, imports above the quota are likely to end up in world markets, thus leading to a much larger supply of sugar in world markets. As such, this leads to a world price of sugar which will be lower than that in US Alternative (if students give the other difference) The decrease in the price of US sugar is greater than the decrease in the world price of sugar because there may be more imports of sugar entering the US market during 2011 to 2013. [1] Although US imposes a quota on imports, Mexico is exempted from it because of the NAFTA (Extract 2) This may lead Mexico to export an unlimited amount of sugar to the US, rather than sell in world markets. Given this substantial increase in supply of sugar in US rather than in the world, perhaps the price of sugar in US is likely to fall by a greater extent, compared to that of world price. (b) Using a supply and demand diagram, explain why the sales volume of ethanol fell despite rocketing car sales in Brazil [5] Extract 4 notes that cars in Brazil can run on ethanol or gasoline, which means ethanol and gasoline are substitutes in consumption. Since the Brazilian government has given generous subsidies for gasoline to mitigate the rising cost of living, this makes gasoline cheaper than ethanol in Brazil, encouraging consumers to switch from ethanol to gasoline instead i.e. Demand for ethanol falls. Referring to Fig. 1, DD0 shifts left to DD1. On the other hand, the cost of producing ethanol has increased due to the rising costs of labour and pesticides as noted in Extract 4. This leads to a fall the supply of ethanol, reflected by a leftward shift of supply curve from SS0 to SS1.
2 © RVHS 2014 8819 In this case, the quantity of ethanol will definitely decrease from Q0 to Q1, indicating a fall in sales of ethanol. (c) What can you conclude from the evidence in Extract 3
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