DHS_H1_ECON_P1_MARK_SCHEMES

1 © DHS 2011  Name: Index Number: Class: DUNMAN HIGH SCHOOL Preliminary Examination Year 6 Economics 8819/1 Higher 1 Section A Case Study Section B Essay 19 September 2011 3 hours Additional Materials: Writing Papers READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your name and class on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper. You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Section A Answer all questions. Section B Answer one question. At the end of the examination, fasten all your wo rk securely into two separate bundles for Section A and Section B. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. Circle the question number you have attempted. Section A Section B Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 This document consists of 8 printed pages including this cover page. [Turn over

© DHS 2011  Section A Answer all questions in this section Question 1 The Tobacco Industry Extract 1: The ills of smoking Smoking causes disabling and fatal diseas es, including cancers of the lung and other organs. Not all consumers have full knowledge of the healt h risks while others underestimate the risk of addiction to tobacco. In addition, smoking imposes financial as well as other costs on nonsmokers, in cluding health damage and irritation from exposure to environmental tobacco smoke. Discarded cigarette ends not only add to the cost of cleaning public places but are fire hazards. Extract 2: Tobacco farming in Europe Tobacco products are products made entirely or partly of leaf tobacco. Tobacco is the most labour-intensive crop in Europe, requiring an average of 40 workers per hectare, as opposed to most other crops, which have just one worker per 100 hectares. In many ways tobacco farming is a throwback to an earlier era. Modern day farm equipment such as the combined harvester cannot be used. Tobacco subsidies were once an important par t of the European Union’s agricultural policy. In the interest of public health, there will be a gradual phase-out of such subsidies. Source: EU Observer, euobserver.com,19 Nov 2008 Table 1: Average World Tobacco Production Quantity Per Annum (tonnes dry leaf equivalent) 1970-1979 1980-1989 1990-1999 2000-2006 World 5,256,991 6,387,084 7, 429,717 6,419,411 Developed countries 1,556,782 1,412,750 1, 313,559 865,391 Developing countries 3,700,209 4,974,334 6, 116,158 5,554,020 Extract 3: The Great Tobacco Debate in Indonesia In Indonesia, it is estimated that more than 62 percent of its citizens smoke, including children. Every year, the country spends more than Rp 100 trillion on tobacco-related health problems. To discourage smoking, the government has introduced a series of measures that include setting a limit on the productio