MJC_H2_ECON_EQ2
Uploaded by hima · 3 June 2023
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MJC_Preliminary Exams_2011_H2_Essay_Qn2 1 (a) Explain whether it is always advantageous for a firm to grow in size. (12m) (b) Discuss how you would decide whether a firm is exerting its monopoly power. (13m) Explain whether it is always advantageous for a firm to grow in size. (12m) Introduction Define key terms: Grow in size – increase in scale of production or increase market share Advantageous – How are the advantages measured by? ‐ Benefits to firms in terms of high revenue, lower costs, higher profits ‐ Benefits to consumers in terms of lower prices, better quality ‐ Benefits to society in terms of efficiency Development: Thesis Vs Anti‐thesis for “advantageous” Thesis: ‐ Ability to set prices and earn supernormal profits ‐ Increased scale of production enabling EOS to be reaped ‐ Supernormal profits to achieve dynamic efficiency Anti‐thesis: ‐ Economies of scale may be limited ‐ Allocative and productive inefficiency ‐ X‐inefficiency ‐ Nature of industry may require firms to be small *Any 2‐3 points, well ‐ analysed and evaluated Conclusion/synthesis: Growth in size of firms may not necessarily be advantageous to both firms and consumers, as it also depends on the nature of the industry and the firm’s current level of output. Some industries which prioritises variety and fine details over standardization may not benefit from the growth in a firm’s scale of production as the firm is likely to produce same goods in bulk. However, for industries that have large MES, it is likely to be advantageous for both the firm and the consumers for it to continue growing in size as long as it does not exceed the MES. Marking Scheme L3 Well‐developed answer with a competent analysis on the advantages and disadvantages of a firm’s growth in size, with clear evaluation. 9‐12 L2 Underdeveloped explanations on the advantages and disadvantages of a firm growing in size OR A one‐sided answer on the advantages/disadvantages of a firm’s growth in size 5‐8 L1 Descriptive answer that shows some basic knowledge on advantages or disadvantages of a firm’s growth in size. Answers contain inaccuracies. 1‐4
MJC_Preliminary Exams_2011_H2_Essay_Qn2 2 (b) Discuss how you would decide whether a firm is exerting its monopoly power. (13m) Introduction Monopoly power is defined as the ability to influence the price of a product above its marginal cost. It depends on two crucial factors: availability of close substitutes (or number of firms in the industry) and the power to restrict the entry of potential rival firms. A firm’s objective is usually to maximize profits firms exerting its monopoly power would usually aim to earn high supernormal profits, both in the SR and LR. Hence, to determine whether a firm in reality is exerting its monopoly power, there is a need to observe the firm’s behavior and also other indicators that would suggest it is earning high supernormal profits. D
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