MJC H1 PHY P2

This document consists of 23 printed pages and 1 blank page. [Turn over MERIDIAN JUNIOR COLLEGE JC2 Preliminary Examinations Higher 1 H1 Physics 8866/02 Paper 2 Structured Questions 20 September 2016 2 hours Candidates answer on the Question Paper. No Additional Materials are required. Class Reg No Candidate Name: READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your name and class on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper. You may use a 2B pencil for any diagrams or graphs. Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid. The use of an approved scientific calculator is expected, where appropriate. Section A Answer all questions. Section B Answer any two questions. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. For Examiner’s Use Paper 1 / 30 Section A 1 / 10 2 / 12 3 / 8 4 / 10 Section B 5 / 20 6 / 20 7 /20 Deductions Total / 110

Meridian Junior College H1 Physics Paper 2 JC2 Preliminary Examinations 2016 2 20 September 2016 Data speed of light in free space c = 3.00 × 10 8 m s−1 elementary charge e = 1.60 × 10 −19 C the Planck constant h = 6.63 × 10 −34 J s unified atomic mass constant u = 1.66 × 10 −27 kg rest mass of electron me = 9.11 × 10 −31 kg rest mass of proton mp = 1.67 × 10 −27 kg acceleration of free fall g = 9.81 m s −2 Formulae uniformly accelerated motion s = ut + 1 2 at2 v2 = u2 + 2as work done on/by a gas W = pV hydrostatic pressure p = gh resistors in series R = R1 + R2 + … resistors in parallel 1/R = 1/ R1 + 1/R2 + …

Meridian Junior College H1 Physics Paper 2 JC2 Preliminary Examinations 2016 3 20 September 2016 [Turn over Section A Answer all the questions in the spaces provided. 1 (a) Fig. 1.1 shows a light gate, which is an electronic sensor used to measure the speed of an object. The light gate consists of an infrared beam which travels between its two arms. The light gate is triggered when the beam is blocked by the object, and the time duration of the obstruction is recorded using a data logger (not shown). A weighted card is released and falls vertically through the light gate, as shown in Fig. 1.2. The card has a length d = (0.200 ± 0.002) m, and the time taken for the card to travel through the light gate was t = (0.06428 ± 0.00001) s. (i) Calculate the average speed of the card. Express it with its associated uncertainty. speed = ( .................... ±……………) m s −1 [3] path of infrared beam Fig. 1.1 Fig. 1.2 d

Meridian Junior College H1 Physics Paper 2 JC2 Preliminary Examinations 2016 4 20 September 2016 (ii) Suggest two reasons why, with a single light gate, we can only measure the average speed of the falling card, but not its instantaneous velocity. Reason 1: .................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................... Reason 2: .................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. [2] (iii) Suggest a source of random error that limits how precisely the speed can be measured. ................................................................................................................................... .............................................................................................................................. [1] (b) The light gate can be used with a “picket fence” (a clear plastic card with dark opaque strips printed on it). This allows readings of speed to be taken in quick succession. A picket fence is dropped from a height above the light gate, and falls freely through the light gate, as shown in Fig. 1.3. The experiment can be used to determine the acceleration of the picket fence in free fall. Fig. 1.3

Meridian Junior College H1 Physics Paper 2 JC2 Preliminary Examinations 2016 5 20 September 2016 [Turn over The light gate is first triggered when the beam is blocked by the bottom-most strip of the picket fence. The best-fit line for the experimental data is shown on the speed-time graph in Fig. 1.4. Fig. 1.4 (i) Determine the acceleration of the picket fence. acceleration = ......................................... m s −2 [2] (ii) State the characteristic of the graph which indicates a systematic error in the experiment. Explain your answer. ................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... .............................................................................................................................. [2] v / m s−1 t / 10−3 s 0.40 0.30 0.20 0.10 0 0 5 10 15 20 25

Meridian Junior College H1 Physics Paper 2 JC2 Preliminary Examinations 2016 6 20 September 2016 2 A roller coaster’s carriage, of mass 300 kg, slides down a smooth slope and executes a smooth loop of diameter d. It experiences friction after the loop, denoted as zone A, as shown in Fig. 2.1 below. The potential energy and kinetic energies are plotted against time in the following graph provided in Fig 2.2. (a) On Fig. 2.2, sketch the variation of total mechanical energy with time, from t = 0 s to t = 9.0 s. [2] (b) Between t = 3.0 s and t = 5.4 s, the carriage executes the loop. Using the graph, calculate the diameter d of the loop. d = .............................................. m [2] zone A Fig. 2.1 carriage smooth slope smooth loop d Fig. 2.2 Kinetic energy Potential energy energy / kJ 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 time / s

Meridian Junior College H1 Physics Paper 2 JC2 Preliminary Examinations 2016 7 20 September 2016 [Turn over (c) (i) State the start and end times at which the carriage is within zone A. Explain your answer with reference to Fig. 2.2. time start: .................................................... s time end: .................................................... s ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ........................................................................................................................................ [3] (ii) Calculate the rate at which zone A dissipated kinetic energy with respect to time. rate of kinetic energy dissipation = ............................................. kW [2] (iii) Calculate the velocity of the carriage when it entered zone A. velocity = ......................................... m s -1 [1] (iv) Hence, calculate the force of friction when the carriage first entered zone A. force =