CGSS SS 2021

CEDAR GIRLS’ SECONDARY SCHOOLPreliminary Examination 2021Secondary Four [Turn over HUMANITIESPaper 1 Social Studies 2272/012273/0130 August 20211 hour 45 minutesNo Additional Materials are required.READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRSTAn answer booklet will be provided with this question paper. You should follow the instructions on the front cover of the answer booklet. If you need additional paper, ask the invigilator for a continuation booklet. Section A Answer all questions.Section B Answer both questions.The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question. This document consists of 6 printed pages.SECTION A (Source-Based Case Study)Answer all questions.

2 Cedar Girls’ Secondary School 2272/01, 2273/01/Prelim2021 [Turn over Citizenship and Good GovernanceStudy the Background Information and the sources carefully, and then answer all the questions. You may use any of the sources to help you answer the questions, in addition to those sources which you are told to use. In answering the questions, you should use your knowledge of the issue to help you interpret and evaluate the sources.1Study Source A.Why was the cartoon published? Explain your answer.[5]2Study Sources B and C.Does Source B agree with Source C about the lives of refugees overseas? Explain your answer. [6]3Study Source D.Are you surprised by the government’s stand towards refugees? Explain your answer.[7]4Study Source E.How useful is Source E in showing the impact of accepting refugees on the host country? Explain your answer. [7]5‘Refugees are largely welcomed in the host countries.’Using the sources in this case study, explain how far you would agree with this statement.[10]How are countries responding to the influx of refugees?BACKGROUND INFORMATION

3 Cedar Girls’ Secondary School 2272/01, 2273/01/Prelim2021 [Turn over Read this carefully. It may help you to answer some of the questions.Refugees are one of the world’s most vulnerable groups as they left their countries due to wars, weak economic conditions, natural disasters and other causes. In 2019, the United Nation’s Refugee Agency reported that there were about 26 million refugees globally. An estimated 68% of refugees come from just five countries: Syria, Venezuela, Afghanistan, South Sudan and Myanmar. They exist in a state of instability, with their futures and fates in the hands of potential host countries. Welcoming refugees is a humanitarian and legal obligation. However the idea of hosting refugees comes with reluctance due to misinformation and misconceptions, and also due to political and cultural reasons as well as security and economic concerns. The U.N. Refugee Agency recommends that governments consider refugees as an opportunity to be welcomed and not as a burden. Study the following sources to find out more about how countries are responding to the influx of refugees. Source A:A cartoon depicting the treatment of Rohingya refugees. It was published on the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) website in 2015. The Rohingyas are a stateless ethnic group who reside in Rakhine state in Myanmar. Source B:Adapted from an article by a South Korean news agency, published on January 2021.More than 550 Yemeni refugees fleeing the ongoing war in their home country have been stuck on the South Korean island of Jeju since the end of 2017. Their future hangs in the balance due to Korean opposition towards accepting refugees.

4 Cedar Girls’ Secondary School 2272/01, 2273/01/Prelim2021 [Turn over South Korea’s Ministry of Justice tried to give refugees the right to work in the fishing and aquaculture farming industries by employing 200 of them. According to locals, this came as a relief for the island’s fishing industry which is facing labour shortages. The opportunity to work in the fishing industry has given some hope to the Yemeni refugees that they have a future in the country. However, the government has not publicly considered easing rigid immigration laws and paving the way for more multicultural and younger populations.Source C:Adapted from a news article by the Australian Refugee Council, published on December 2018.Yuol is one of many thousands of people who fled the civil war in Sudan. He grew up in a refugee camp in Kenya and was resettled in Australia when he was 15 years old. Yuol started high school, where he was elected to the Student Representative Council. During his final year at school, Yuol began working with the Blacktown Migrant Resource Centre where he ran a course to help newly arrived refugee students learn computer skills. Yuol co-founded the Australian United Refugee Youth Association, which aims to assist newly-arrived refugees to settle successfully in Australia. At first, he was too nervous to take on the challenge, but a youth worker at the Migrant Resource Centre encouraged Yuol to believe in himself. All these would not have been possible if not for the Australian Refugee Council. Source D:An online article about Singapore’s policy towards refugees that started in the 1970s, published on 21 July 2021.Our government has shut our borders from refugees for years, citing reasons such as limited land and lack of natural resources that make us ill equipped to accept them. However, the real reason could perhaps be due to our unpleasant historical experience, when we accepted refugees fleeing from the Vietnam War. After the war, many refused to return home voluntarily for years, and even engaged in hunger strikes in protest. Singapore felt ‘betrayed’ by the experience, to the point of maintaining a policy of completely rejecting all refugees after that incident.

5 Cedar Girls’ Secondary School 2272/01, 2273/01/Prelim2021 [Turn over However, rather than living in the past, we should choose to adopt safeguards to avoid a similar outcome. In light of the steady decline of our birth rate and growing aging population, Singapore has been welcoming foreigners and we have no reason to turn refugees away. Much like immigrants, refugees can be an important human resource. Source E:An interview with a retired local who stays next to a refugee camp in Greece, published online.My house used to be built on the beautiful Greek island of Samos. Now, what you see is a scene of miserable collection of tents amongst a maze of paths strewn with rubbish. Nearly 4,000 refugees are piling up inside and around the camp, which was only designed to hold 650 people, and numbers are increasing. Many of them feel stuck and unsure of how long they will continue to stay in the camp. Tourists no longer want to visit us because of this chaotic situation. We are in hell and they are blocking us from our future.We understand that they have no choice but to come to us and it is our responsibility to take them in. But as more came, so did the criminals. For the past 5 years, we have helped them. 5 years is just too much, and I think this has to change.Source F:A news article from the Refugee Council of Australia, published on 19 July 2021.8 years ago on 19 July 2013, the government made an announcement that tightened our refugee policy: no one arriving by boat in Australia and seeking protection would be settled in Australia, even if they are found to need refugee protection. Thousands of refugees are forced to be transferred to neighbouring countries and islands. Some returned to their countries of origin, voluntarily or by force. Families remain separated and people remain in limbo. We are entering the ninth year of this policy, with considerable damage done to people subject to this policy and their families. The Australian Government has also damaged our international reputation and has received (and ignored) ongoing criticism from some of our closest allies. Our relationship with our neighbours has been