PHS 4NA EL Prelim Paper 2

Name: ( ) Class: PRESBYTERIAN HIGH SCHOOL ENGLISH LANGUAGE 1190/02 PAPER 2 23 JULY 2021 FRIDAY 1 hour 50 minutes PRESBYTERIAN HIGH SCHOOL PRESBYTERIAN HIGH SCHOOL PRESBYTERIAN HIGH SCHOOL PRESBYTERIAN HIGH SCHOOL PRESBYTERIAN HIGH SCHOOL PRESBYTERIAN HIGH SCHOOL PRESBYTERIAN HIGH SCHOOL PRESBYTERIAN HIGH SCHOOL PRESBYTERIAN HIGH SCHOOL PRESBYTERIAN HIGH SCHOOL PRESBYTERIAN HIGH SCHOOL PRESBYTERIAN HIGH SCHOOL PRESBYTERIAN HIGH SCHOOL PRESBYTERIAN HIGH SCHOOL PRESBYTERIAN HIGH SCHOOL PRESBYTERIAN HIGH SCHOOL 2021 SECONDARY FOUR NORMAL (ACADEMIC) PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION INSERT READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST This insert contains Text 1, Text 2, and Text 3. Setter: Mrs Michelle Anthony Vetter(s): Secondary 4NA EL Team This insert consists of 6 printed pages (including this cover page) and 0 blank pages.

2 Section A Text 1 Study the webpage below and answer Questions 1 – 4 in the Question Booklet. Our Mission The Best Friends Animal Sanctuary hopes to bring about a time when there are no more homeless pets. We believe that every animal deserves a safe and loving home. We hope that our actions demonstrate the importance of showing respect for all living creatures. Our Action Plan: No-kill 2025 Every day, more than 950 dogs and cats are killed in animal shelters across the country, simply because they don’t have a safe place to call home. Working together with she lters, rescue groups and passionate people like you, we can greatly reduce the number of animals killed in shelters and bring this country to no-kill by 2025. Be part of something great! Become a foster parent On any given day, Best Friends Animal Sanctua ry is home to around 1600 animals, including dogs, cats, horses, birds, rabbits and others. Many of these animals come to the Sanctuary for extra care and healing until they are ready for their furever homes. Adopt a furry or feathered friend now! You will be changing the life of a homeless pet.

3 Section B Text 2 The text below is about a traveller’s experience in the mountainous countryside of Georgia. Read it carefully and answer Questions 5 – 15 in the Question Booklet. 1 No trees. No telephones. No roads. I realised that the higher I travelled into the mountains situated on the Black Sea coast of Georgia, the less there is. Only life on a narrow strip of plain along Georgia’s eastern Black Sea Coast, connected by land and sea with the world beyond, has kept up with the calendar. Otherwise, the rugged mountainous countryside of G eorgia belongs to an unusual degree of the past. 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 2 “Welcome to my house,” said Khvicha Sisauri – a Tush shepherd, native of the Georgian countryside – as we entered his kitchen. "Shall I kill a sheep? " He had a glint in his eyes and spoke with an intensity that hinted that there was only one right answer. "Great idea!" I said, and he went outside. Almost immediately, I could hear him sharpening his knife. When company comes to the mountains of Georgia, the people there take it seriously. “A guest is sacred,” Guram Kvirkvelia, my guide and interpreter, said with firm conviction. As soon as you are under the roof of one person, you are protected by his entire family, down to the eighth cousin twice remove d. I had been looking apprehensively at the mou ntains that marked the border. “The guest,” Guram told me with complete seriousness, “will be the last person to die.” 3 The next morning we left Khvicha’s house early, crossing a racing icy river gray as liquid clay, past stony villages guarded by stonier towers. The sun welled up over the jagged mountaintops and spilled over their peaks. After labouring for hours on the precipitous rocky roads in his invincible Russianmade four -wheel drive, Guram and I fina lly made it to our destination. Named Pharsma, the village was cele brating a festival known as St. George’s feast. Though practices differ to some degree among the mountain tribes, the feast would have the essentials: the offering of sheep, beer and bread, a lavish communal meal, a horse race, and the exc lusion of women from religious traditions in festivals. 4 I was therefore forbidden to come any closer than 150 feet but from where I stood, I could see a long pole protruding from the building: it was hung with brightly coloured cloths and bells. These pieces of fabric represented the cloths used in past centuries to drape on the horns of sacrificial bulls. Within the confines of the sacred area, the sacrifice of sheep progressed. Each time an animal was presented, the priests shouted a short, chanting prayer – “May this man’s family be protected” – and jangled the bell. The man offering the sheep would then kill and butcher it on the spot. The shouting and the bell ringing went on past noon. It was goin g to be some feast. From where I stood, I couldn’t see the sacrifices, but I could see the assortment of bloody fleeces hanging on the stone wall. 5 As activities in the sacred area continued, I wandered through Pharsma. By the time I had walked back, the best parts of each sheep, which surprisingly included the liver, had been dedicated to their gods. The meat, which the villagers only rarely indulge in, was boiling and roasting, and by mid -afternoon some 500 men, women, children and I were sitting on the ground facing each 40

4 other across long strips of oil -cloth covered with dishes of meat, tomatoes, stewed eggplants and slabs of white cheese. 45 6 As we gnawed the last of our meat on skewers hot from the fire, the women took out their accordi ons and began to sing, much to my delight. Tush music was like the gentle winds in the grasses and the rapids in the river; it embodied the sounds of nature and was mesmerising. As the last light was gleaming from the peaks, Khvicha solemnly raised his glass and bowed his head in silence. 50 7 The Tush of the Black Sea acknowledge that their traditions have begun to change and dissolve in the vast sea known as modern life. It’s not just that more people are using concrete rather than wood for their houses. Many of the young adults have moved to cities, unwilling to live without the comforts of the modern world – the computer, Internet and TV. Thankfully, the very youngest seem more eager to keep traditi ons alive and enjoy the rustic way of life in t he mountains. A young Tush told me this: “In the city, when we want to go somewhere, my mother doesn’t let me go alone. There are cars, traffic. Here I can go everywhere when I want. I like it here.” 55 Adapted from ‘Crucible of the Gods’, by Erla Zwingle, National Geographic, September 2002

5 Section C Text 3 The text below is about Genetically Modified Foods. Read it carefully and answer Questions 16 – 20 in the Question Booklet. 1 Genetic engineering is one of the great marvels of the 21s t century. It allows for precise control over the genetic changes introduced into an organism. Today, we can incorporate new genes from one species into a completely unrelated species through genetic engineering, optimising agricultural performance or faci litating the production of valuable pharmaceutical substances. 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 2 Humans have been altering the genetics of plants for thou sands of years through the process of cross -breeding between crops that takes place over a long period of time . Today, scientists can take a shortcut to modify plants by editing their Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) in a laboratory setting. The process of creating a Genetically Modified (GM) plant is complex, but it follows these basic steps: First, researchers identify the genes in a