Cell Division

Name: __________________ Topic: Cell Division Relationship between reproduction, mitosis and meiosis LO: State the importance of mitosis in growth, repair and asexual reproduction ● Forgrowthof an organism by producing new cells● Forrepairof worn-out parts of body● Forasexual reproductiono Example: Storage organs in plants can develop roots and shoots by mitosis. LO: Explain the need for the production of genetically identical cells● To ensure all the genes arecorrectly copiedandpasseddown to future offspring.● To producegenetically stabledaughter cells whichcontain all the genes needed forsubsequent cell division and differentiation.● To preventuncontrolled cell division. Concepts Summary NotesNan Hua High School Biology 1

Name: __________________ Topic: Cell Division LO: Identify, with the aid of diagrams, the main stages of mitosis Cell cycle Stages of cellcycle:1. Interphase(DNAreplication)2. Mitosis/Meiosis(PMAT)3. Cytokinesis(Cleavageofcytoplasm) Stages of mitosisProphase -Chromatin threadscondense, coil and shortento formchromosomes,spindle fibre formsandnucleolus and nuclear membranedisappearsMetaphase -Chromosomes line upsingly along the equatorof the cellattached to thespindle fibre at the centromereAnaphase -Centromeres splitandsister chromatidsseparateto form daughterchromosomes which are pulled to opposite poles of the cellTelophase-Nuclear envelop and nucleolus reforms,spindle fibre disintegrate,chromosomes uncoil back to chromatin threadsandcleavagefurrow forms, followed bythe division of cytoplasm (cytokinesis). Concepts Summary NotesNan Hua High School Biology 2

Name: __________________ Topic: Cell Division LO: State what is meant by homologous pairs of chromosomes ● Homologouschromosomes arechromosomes, which existin pairs(one maternal andone paternal) and eachpair has thesame shape,size, length, position ofcentromere and sequenceof genes / gene loci.● One is inheritedfrom the male parent andthe other is inherited fromthe female parent. Hence,theycanhavedifferentalleles. Concepts Summary NotesNan Hua High School Biology 3

Name: __________________ Topic: Cell Division LO: Identify, with the aid of diagrams, the main stages of meiosis (names of thesub-divisions of prophase are not required) Concepts Summary NotesNan Hua High School Biology