Transport in humans

Name: __________________ Topic: Transport in humans LO: Identify the main blood vessels to and from the heart, lungs, liver and kidney In summary, blood vessels are generally named after the parts they are connected to.● Blood vessels connected to the kidneys always start with ‘renal’● Blood vessels connected to the liver always start with ‘hepatic’● Blood vessels connected to the lungs always start with ‘pulmonary’● Blood vessels that transport substances to/away from the heart always start with‘coronary’ LO: State the role of blood in transport and defence ● red blood cells – haemoglobin and oxygen transport● plasma– transportof bloodcells,ions,solublefoodsubstances,hormones, carbon dioxide, urea, vitamins, plasma proteins● white blood cells – phagocytosis, antibody formation and tissue rejection● platelets – fibrinogen to fibrin, causing clotting Concepts Summary NotesNan Hua High School Biology 1

Name: __________________ Topic: Transport in humans The two main functions of blood are totransport substancesand fordefence. Functions and Adaptations of Blood Components Component Function AdaptationRed blood cells Transports oxygenfrom thelungs to the rest of the body Circular andbiconcaveshape toincrease surfaceareaforfasterdiffusion of oxygen Containshaemoglobinforoxygen to bindloosely to formoxyhaemoglobin Has no nucleustostore morehaemoglobintotransportmoreoxygen Concepts Summary NotesNan Hua High School Biology 2

Name: __________________ Topic: Transport in humans Plasma Transport dissolvedsubstancesto the rest of thebody e.g. nutrients, hormones,vitamins, proteins, wasteproducts Made up ofmostlywater which is thesolventfor varioussubstances White blood cells:Lymphocytes Toproduce antibodieswhichagglutinate pathogensforphagocytes toengulf andingest, andneutralise toxins. Large nucleus toproduce antibodies White blood cells:Phagocytes Toengulf and ingest pathogensthroughphagocytosis. Lobed nucleustoallow the cell tomove towards thebacteria and changeshape to engulf it Platelets (thrombocytes) To aid inblood clottingby● Damaged tissues and blood platelets releasethrombokinase● Which convertsprothrombin to thrombinwith thehelp ofcalcium ions● Thrombin catalyses the conversion ofsolublefibrinogen to insoluble fibrin threads.● Fibrin threads entangle blood cells and forms aclot to seal the wound. Concepts Summary NotesNan Hua High School Biology 3

Name: __________________ Topic: Transport in humans LO:ListthedifferentABObloodgroupsandallpossiblecombinationsforthedonor and rec