2023MIPrelimAS (H1 General Paper 8807_02)

2023 PU3 Prelim Examinations General Paper Paper 2 1 How does the author illustrate that loyalty is 'revered as a virtue across time and cultures' (line 3)? [2] From the passage Paraphrased/Inferred Epic poems of ancient worlds , the Mahabharata and Odyssey, boasted stories of loyalty, from Yudhishthira ’s refusal to ascend to heaven without his devoted canine companion to faithful Penelope ’s patient wait for the return of her husband, Odysseus. In feudal systems , loyalty to one's lord or ruler was considered a sacred duty. Religious and philosophical teachings , such as those in Christianity and Confucianism, emphasise loyalty as a moral imperative even to this day, encouraging individuals to remain steadfast in all their relationships. A. He uses examples of how ancient works from different cultures portrayed loyalty as a virtue. B. He also uses a range of examples ranging from ancient history to the modern day, which suggests that the view of loyalty as a virtue remains across time. 1m for explaining how the range of examples show "across cultures" and 1m for "across time". 2 Explain the author's use of the phrase 'suspect virtue' (line 11). Use your own words as far as possible. [2] From the passage Paraphrased/Inferred It is essential for good human social life but susceptible to abuse. It focuses more on persons rather than principles, leading to unethical choices and behaviour. A. Loyalty is a virtue because it is important for positive interactions with others. B. However, it is suspect because it has the potential to influence us to take immoral actions. 1 mark each 3 In paragraph 2, what differences does the author see between workers in the past and today? Use your own words as far as possible. [2] From the passage Paraphrased/Inferred Gone are the days of starting and ending one’s career in the same company, which was seen as a mark of capability and dependability … workers are changing jobs more frequently. …remaining at the same job is seen as a sign that one is either incompetent or foolish. workers today are literally spoilt for choice, compared to workers in the past. A1 In the past, people stayed at the same job for life, A2 whereas today people change jobs often. B1 In the past, staying at the same job is seen as an indication of one's ability, B2 whereas today staying at the same job suggests a lack of ability/skill. C1 Workers in the past had a limited selection of job opportunities, (inferred) C2 while workers today have an array of job opportunities. 1 mark per pair, comparison must be made across past and present, 0m for listing.

4 From lines 15-23, explain three criticisms the author makes about today's young workers. Use your own words as far as possible. [3] From the passage Paraphrased/Inferred … these workers seek out better employment in different companies in a perpetual pursuit for higher salari