2022 TMJC Prelims P1

TAMPINES MERIDIAN JUNIOR COLLEGEJC2 PRELIMINARY EXAMINATIONCANDIDATENAMECIVICS GROUPH2 HISTORYPaper 1 Shaping the International Order (1945-2000) 9752/0113 September 20223 hoursAdditional materials: 12 Page Answer BookletREAD THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRSTAn answer booklet will be provided with this question paper. You should follow the instructions on the front cover of the answer booklet. If you need additional answer paper, ask the invigilator for a continuation booklet. Section AAnswer Question 1.Section BAnswer two questions.The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. ___________________________________________________________________This document consists of 5 printed pages and 1 blank page.

2 Tampines Meridian Junior College 2020 JC2 Preliminary Examination H2 History SECTION AYou must answer Question 1.Collapse of the Soviet Union1Read the sources and answer the questions which follow:Source A He won the Cold War - without firing a shot. When Reagan took office in 1980, the world had existed for decades under the threat of nuclear holocaust between communism and democracy. The two superpowers had steadily growing atomic arsenals of incredible destructive power. Early on in his presidency, Reagan moved to hone the nation's defenses to razor edge. That military buildup, together with spending billions on the so-called "Star Wars" defense program, forced the Soviets into a more heated effort to stay ahead of the United States in the arms race. Reagan's continuing military buildup sowed the seeds of the ultimate end of communism in the Soviet Union and also the Cold War. As it turned out, Russia lost, bankrupting itself in the process. The spending exposed the many cracks in the Soviet Union's monolithic tyranny and led ultimately to its total collapse. Was it worth it? Of course. It must be. Extract from a pro-Reagan newspaper in the USA, August 1992Source B There has been a prolonged crisis of the model of socialism which developed in Stalin’s time. That political system still suffers from a lack of legitimacy to this day and is incapable of giving an adequate response to the challenge of the scientific and technological revolution required of today. The constant comparison of the Socialist and Western worlds has entered our daily lives, and there is no way around it. Consequently, in a number of socialist countries, the process of rejecting the existing political institutions is already underway and moving towards a civil and political one. Yet, the authoritarian and direct pressure have clearly outlived themselves. Even in the case of a sharp deterioration of the situation in one of the countries, it is very unlikely that we would be able to employ the methods of 1956 and 1968, both as a matter of principle, but also because of its unacceptable consequences. A memorandum from the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) to Gorbachev, Feb 1989

3 Tampines Meridian Junior College 2020 JC2 Prelimin